数列{an}的前n项和记为Sn,已知a1=1,an+1=n+2/nSn(n=1,2,3,…).证明: (Ⅰ)数列{Snn}是等比数列; (Ⅱ)Sn+1=4an.

问题描述:

数列{an}的前n项和记为Sn,已知a1=1,an+1=

n+2
n
Sn(n=1,2,3,…).证明:
(Ⅰ)数列{
Sn
n
}是等比数列;
(Ⅱ)Sn+1=4an

(I)证:由a1=1,an+1=

n+2
n
Sn(n=1,2,3,),
知a2=
2+1
1
S1=3a1
S2
2
4a1
2
=2
S1
1
=1
,∴
S2
2
S1
1
=2

又an+1=Sn+1-Sn(n=1,2,3,…),则Sn+1-Sn=
n+2
n
Sn(n=1,2,3,),
∴nSn+1=2(n+1)Sn
Sn+1
n+1
Sn
n
=2
(n=1,2,3,…),
故数列{
Sn
n
}是首项为1,公比为2的等比数列.
(II)证明:Sn+1=4an.当n=1时,S2=a1+a2=4a1,等式成立.
由(1)知:
Sn
n
=1×2n−1
,∴Sn=n2n-1
当n≥2时,4an=4(Sn-Sn-1)=2n(2n-n+1)=(n+1)2n=Sn+1,等式成立.
因此对于任意正整数n≥1都有Sn+1=4an