证明:对任意正整数n,不等式ln(n+1)/n

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证明:对任意正整数n,不等式ln(n+1)/n

数学人气:168 ℃时间:2019-10-10 05:50:30
优质解答
令f(x)=xln(x+1)-xlnx-(x+1)/x,x>=1.
则f'(x)=ln(x+1)-lnx+x/(x+1)-1+1/x^2,
f''(x)=1/(x+1)-1/x+1/(x+1)^2-2/x^3=-1/【(x+1)x】+1/(x+1)^2-2/x^3=-1/【x(x+1)^2】-2/x^3于是f'(x)是递减函数,注意到lim (x趋于无穷)f'(x)=lim ln(1+1/x)+1/x^2-1/(x+1)=0,因此f'(x)>0对任意的x>=1.
故f(x)是递增函数,但lim (x趋于无穷)f(x)=lim 【xln(1+1/x)-(x+1)/x】=0,于是f(x)=1时.令x取正整数即可.
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令f(x)=xln(x+1)-xlnx-(x+1)/x,x>=1.
则f'(x)=ln(x+1)-lnx+x/(x+1)-1+1/x^2,
f''(x)=1/(x+1)-1/x+1/(x+1)^2-2/x^3=-1/【(x+1)x】+1/(x+1)^2-2/x^3=-1/【x(x+1)^2】-2/x^3于是f'(x)是递减函数,注意到lim (x趋于无穷)f'(x)=lim ln(1+1/x)+1/x^2-1/(x+1)=0,因此f'(x)>0对任意的x>=1.
故f(x)是递增函数,但lim (x趋于无穷)f(x)=lim 【xln(1+1/x)-(x+1)/x】=0,于是f(x)=1时.令x取正整数即可.