已知数列{an}的首项a1=4,前n项和为Sn,且Sn+1-3Sn-2n-4=0(n∈N+) (1)求数列{an}的通项公式; (2)设函数f(x)=anx+an-1x2+…+a1xn,f′(x)是函数f(x)的导函数,令bn=f′(1),

问题描述:

已知数列{an}的首项a1=4,前n项和为Sn,且Sn+1-3Sn-2n-4=0(n∈N+
(1)求数列{an}的通项公式;
(2)设函数f(x)=anx+an-1x2+…+a1xn,f′(x)是函数f(x)的导函数,令bn=f′(1),求数列{bn}的通项公式,并研究其单调性.

(1)∵Sn+1-3Sn-2n-4=0(n∈N+)  ①
∴Sn-3Sn-1-2(n-1)-4=0(n∈N+)  ②
①-②得an+1-3an-2=0,
即an+1+1=3(an+1)
∴{an+1}是首项为5,公比为3的等比数列.
∴an+1=5•3n-1
即an═5•3n-1-1.
(2)∵f(x)=anx+an-1x2+…+a1xn
∴f′(x)=an+2an-1x+…+na1xn-1
∴bn=f′(1)=an+2an-1+…+na1 =(5×3n-2-1)+…+n(5×30-1)
=5[3n-1+2×3n-2+…+n×30]-

n(n+1)
2

令S=3n-1+2×3n-2+…+n×30,则3S=3n+2×3n-1+…+n×31
作差得S=-
n
2
-
3-3n+1
4

于是,bn=f′(1)=
3n+1-15
4
-
n(n+6)
4
,而bn+1=
3n+2-15
4
-
(n+1)(n+7)
4

作差得bn+1-bn=
15×3n
2
-
n
2
-
7
4
>0

∴{bn}是递增数列.