设数列{an}的前n项和为sn,证明:{an}为等差数列的充要条件是对任意的n∈N﹢,Sn=[n(a₁+an)]/2

问题描述:

设数列{an}的前n项和为sn,证明:{an}为等差数列的充要条件是对任意的n∈N﹢,Sn=[n(a₁+an)]/2

先证充分:设公差为d,s(n+1)={(n+1)[a1+a(n+1)]}/2为一式,sn=[n(a1+an)]/2为二式,两式相减 推出 a(n+1)-a1=n[a(n+1)-an]即nd=nd 证必要:an=a1+(n-1)d①sn=ai+a2+a3+.an=a1+a1+d+a1+2d+.a1+(n-1)d=na1+{1+2+3+4+....