用数学归纳法求证,当1-(x+3)^n时,(n是正整数) 能被X+2整除
用数学归纳法求证,当1-(x+3)^n时,(n是正整数) 能被X+2整除
当n=1时
x^(2n-1)+y^(2n-1)
=x+y
(x+y)/(x+y)=1
能被x+y整除。
假设当n=k(k为整数,且k>=2)时,x^(2k-1)+y^(2k-1)能被x+y整除,
则当n=k=1时
令x^(2k-1)+y^(2k-1)=A(x+y)
则x^(2k-1)=A(x+y)-y^(2k-1)
x^[2(k+1)-1]+y^[2(k+1)-1]
=x^(2k-1+2)+y^(2k-1+2)
=x^2*x^(2k-1)+y^2*y^(2k-1)
=x^2*[A(x+y)-y^(2k-1)]+y^2*y^(2k-1)
=x^2*A(x+y)-x^2y^(2k-1)+y^2*y^(2k-1)
=x^2*A(x+y)+(y^2-x^2)*y^(2k-1)
=x^2*A(x+y)+(x+y)(y-x)*y^(2k-1)
两项中均含x+y
[x^2*A(x+y)+(x+y)(y-x)*y^(2k-1)]/(x+y)
=Ax^2+(y-x)*y^(2k-1)为整数
能被x+y整除。
综上,x^(2n-1)+y^(2n-1)能被x+y整除
1. n = 1时 1 - (x+3) ^ 1 = -(x+2) 能被x+2整除
2. n = 2时 1 - (x+3) ^2 = 1 - x ^2 - 6x - 9 = -x^2 - 6x - 8 = - (x+2)(x+4) 能被x+2整除
3. 设 n = k 时 1-(x+3)^k时,能被x+2整除
4. 现在 n = k + 1, 1-(x+3)^ (k + 1) = (x+3) * (1-(x+3)^k) - (x+2), 因为1-(x+3)^k能被x+2整除,x+2能被x+2整除,所以他们的差也能被x+2整除 => 1-(x+3)^ (k + 1) 也能被x+2整除,得证
n=1时,是显然的
设n=k时成立
则n=k+1时 1-(x+3)^(k+1) = 1-(x+3)(x+3)^k= 1-(x+3) + (x+3) -(x+3)(x+3)^k
= -(x+2)+(x+3)( 1-(x+3)^k )
1-(x+3)^k 由假设知能被x+2整除
所以 命题成立