请帮忙讲解一下这个英语句子的结构,以及前半部分的两个by的作用~
问题描述：
请帮忙讲解一下这个英语句子的结构,以及前半部分的两个by的作用~
Frustrated by the old-boy network by which Minnesota judges were always appointed ,Page challenged the system in court and was eventually elected judge in the Supreme Court
答
An old boy network,or society (also old boys' club),can refer to social and business connections among former pupils of male-only private schools.校友关系网 明尼苏达州的法官本来总是由联谊会任命...