设等比数列的前n项和为sn,a4=a1-9,a5,a3,a4成等差数列
问题描述:
设等比数列的前n项和为sn,a4=a1-9,a5,a3,a4成等差数列
1求an的通项公式,2证明对任意k(正数),S(k+2),Sk,S(k+1)成等差数列
答
题目应该缺少条件,通过第二问,则应该q≠1
(1)设等比数列的公比为q
∵a5.a3.a4成等差数列
∴2a3=a5+a4
∴2a1q²=a1q^4+a1q^3
即 q²+q-2=0
∴ (q+2)(q-1)=0
∴ q=-2(q=1舍)
代入 a4=a1-9
∴ a1*(-8)=a1-9
∴ a1=1
∴ an=(-2)^(n-1)
(2) Sn=[1-(-2)^n]/(1+2)=[1-(-2)^n]/3
∴ Sk=[1-(-2)^k]/3
S(k+1)=[1-(-2)^(k+1)]/3
S(k+2)=[1-(-2)^(k+2)]/3
∴ S(k+2)+S(k+1)
=[1-(-2)^(k+2)]/3+[1-(-2)^(k+1)]/3
=2/3+2*(-2)^(k+1)/3-(-2)^(k+1)/3
=2/3+(-2)^(k+1)/3
=2[1-(-2)^(k+2)]/3
=2Sk
即2Sk=S(k+2)+S(k+1).
∴ 对任意k(正数),S(k+2),Sk,S(k+1)成等差数列