证明当n》2时,1+1/2+1/3+...+1/2^n》(7n+11)/12

问题描述:

证明当n》2时,1+1/2+1/3+...+1/2^n》(7n+11)/12

可用数学归纳法证明:
当n=2时,左边=1+1/2+1/3+1/4=25/12,右边=(7×2+11)12=25/12.原不等式成立.
假设n=k(k≥2)时命题成立.即1+1/2+1/3+…+1/2^k≥(7k+11)/12
那么,当n=k+1时
1+1/2+1/3+…+1/2^(k+1)≥(7k+11)/12+1/(2^k+1)+1/(2^k+2)+…+1/2^(k+1)
而1/(2^k+1)+1/(2^k+2)+…+1/2^(k+1)
=1/(2^k+1)+1/(2^k+2)+…+1/[2^k+2^(k-1)]+1/[(2^k+2^(k-1)+1]+1/[(2^k+2^(k-1)+2]+…+1/2^(k+1)
≥2^(k-1)/[2^k+2^(k-1)]+2^(k-1)/2^(k+1)=7/12
于是,1+1/2+1/3+…+1/2^(k+1)≥(7k+11)/12+7/12=[7(k+1)+11]/12
所以,n=k+1时命题成立.
故对于一切n≥2,不等式1+1/2+1/3+...+1/2^n≥(7n+11)/12 都成立.