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主题: 雅思备考技巧－－复杂句子分析
四．插入语结构
插入语也是ielts 阅读中常出现的一种结构.它一般是对一个句子成分的结实后
补充说明,通常是不重要的内容.插入语的特点是左边一个逗号,右边一个逗号,
比较容易识别.对付插入语的办法是先略去不读.插入语常常插在主语和谓语之
间,也可以插在其它两个句子成分之间.有的插入语比较长,如果对插入语特别
注意,会使原来句子的主要意思中断,造成理解困难.而插入语常常是不重要的
内容,所以应先略去不读,这样被分隔的两个句子成分就接上了.
1．in relationships of mutual dependence,such as between
labor and management or within an organization or a family ,the
question of who is more powerful turns on who is less dependent on the other
中文译文：在相互依赖的关系中,例如劳资关系或一个家庭或一个组织中,谁更
有力量的问题就专换成谁更少依赖于另一方.
结构分析：such as between labor and management of within an
organization or a family 是插入语,同时也是举例说明,是不重要的内容,
可以先略去不读.全句的谓语是turns on,
the question of who is more powerful 是主语,宾语从句who is
less dependent on the other 是turns on 的宾语.
2． the 17th winter games,held in Norway in 1994,are part of an
Olympic tradition which goes back almost 3,000 year
中文译文：1994 年在挪威举行的第17 届冬奥会,是可以追溯到几乎3000
年以前的奥运会传统的一部分.
结构分析：held in Norway in 1994 是插入语,从语法成分上看,它是过
去分词短语做主语the 17th winter games 的后置定语.which 引导一个定语从句,做Olympic tradition 的定语
五．倒装句式
主语和谓语有两种顺序：一是主语在前,这和汉语是一致的,称为自然语序.另
一种是谓语在主语之前,叫做倒装语序.
陈述句绝大多数都是自然语序,但在某些情况下去需要用倒装语序.在ielts 阅
读中经常出现下列三种情况：
（1） 以not only 等词引起的句子,常用倒装语序.
句子模式：not only 句子1,but（also）句子2.
意思是：不仅句子1,而且句子2.
其中句子1 要倒装,句子2 不倒装.but also 中的 also 可以省略.
（2） 比较句式,than 后面的句子可以倒装,也可以不倒装.
例如：下面的两个句子都是对的.
yang fan plays tennis better than lin qingxia does
yang fan plays tennis better than does lin qingxia
（3） as 和so 引起的倒装,表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人或事物.
如：he is a teacher,as is his brother
他是一个牧师,他的哥哥也是.
六．被动句
被动语态由助动词be 加过去分词构成,时态通过be 表现出来.
1． therefore,like the timber barriers,the fanwall barrier can
be built without expensive concrete footings or piles,speeding
the construction time up and reducing costs
中文译文：因此,象木屏障一样,屏障的建造不需要昂贵的混凝土地基,加快了
建造时间,降低了费用.
结构分析：can be built 是被动语态,like the timber barriers 是介词
短语做状语,speeding the construction time up and reducing costs 是分词短语做状语.
七．强调句式
强调句型的模式是：it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其它部分（形式不
变）
1． 可以强调：主语、宾语、状语.
2． 被强调部分为人时,that/who 均可,其余用that.
3． 后面的句子为过去时态,用it was,其余用it is
1． it is this desire,together with its lack of fulfillment in
most families,that brings about stress in the female parent
中文译文：就是这种希望以及它在大多数家庭中的不能实现给母亲带来了压力.
结构分析：强调主语this desire , together with its lack of
fulfillment in most families.
原句为：this desire,together with its lack of fulfillment in most
families, brings about stress in the female parent
八．其它特殊句式
1． since both rapid and light rail have electric engines,
pollution is measured not from the motor exhaust,but from the power
plant generating electricity,which is usually located outside the
city,where air quality problems are less serious
中文译文：因为地铁和轻轨都有电子发动机,所以污染不是从车辆尾气中测量,
而是从产生电力的发电厂测量,发电场通常位于城市之外,哪里空气问题不太严
重.
结构分析：主句中有一个特殊句型：not…but…,意思是“不是……而是……”,
一般but 后面的内容很重要,是考点.
2．it is not uncommon to see several riders clinging to the
outside.
中文译文：看到几个乘车人挂在（公共汽车）外面,并不罕见.
结构分析：not uncommon 是双重否定,表示肯定,意思是这种现象很常见.遇到双重否定则把两个否定词去掉再看句子.
it 是形式主语,to see several
riders clinging to the outside 是不定式短语做实际的主语.
3．this was because the rta had purchased and removed a
number of houses to allow the new corridor to be built,exposing to road
traffic noises houses which were once located in a quiet back street
中文译文：这是因为rta 已经购买和移走了一些房屋来建造新的连接公路,因
此,将原来坐落于一个安静的后街的房屋暴露于公路交通噪音之下.
结构分析：exposing 至句尾是现在分词短语做状语,在其中改变了句子的语
序,正常的语序是exposing houses which
were once located in a quiet back street to road traffic
noises,之所以将houses which were once located in a quiet
back street 放在句末,主要是因为它比较长,为了避免句子头重脚轻.