一般过去式的动词不规则变化有哪些单词
一般过去式的动词不规则变化有哪些单词
这个问题是否太广泛了。。
、A A A型 (动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费) cost cost
cut(割) cut cut
hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt
let(让) let let put(放) put put
read (读) read read
2、AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动) beat beaten
3、ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成) became become
come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run
4、 ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖) dug dug
get(得到) got got
hang(吊死) hanged hanged
hang(悬挂) hung hung
hold(抓住) held held
shine(照耀) shone shone
sit(坐) sat sat win (赢) won won
meet(遇见) met met
keep (保持) kept kept
sleep(睡) slept slept
sweep(扫) swept swept
feel(感觉) felt felt
smell(闻) smelt smelt
leave(离开) left left
build(建设) built built
lend(借出) lent lent
send (传送) sent sent
spend(花费) spent spent
lose (丢失) lost lost
burn (燃烧) burnt burnt
learn(学习) learnt learnt
mean(意思是) meant meant
catch(抓住) caught caught
teach(教) taught taught
bring(带来) brought brought
fight (战斗) fought fought
buy(买) bought bought
think(想) thought thought
hear (听见) heard heard
sell(卖) sold sold
tell(告诉) told told
say(说) said said
find(找到) found found
have/has(有) had had
make(制造) made made
stand(站) stood stood
understand(明白) understood understood
5、ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始) began begun
drink(喝) drank drunk
ring(铃响) rang rung
sing (唱) sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum
blow(吹) blew blown
draw(画) drew drawn
fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown
know(知道) knew known
throw(投掷) threw thrown
show(出示) showed shown
break(打破) broke broken
choose(选择) chose chosen
forget(忘记) forgot forgotten
speak(说,讲) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woken
drive(驾驶) drove driven
eat(吃) ate eaten
fall(落下) fell fallen
give(给) gave given
rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken
mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken
ride(骑) rode ridden
write(写) wrote written
do(做) did done
go(去) went gone
lie(平躺) lay lain
lie(说谎) lied lied
see(看见) saw seen
wear(穿) wore worn
am/is(是) was been
are(是) were been
初中英语不规则动词过去式、过去分词表
(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费)cost cost
cut(割) cut cut
hit(打) hit hit
hurt(伤害) hurt hurt
let(让) let let
put(放) put put
read(读) read read
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动) beat beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成) became become
come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
fight(战斗) fought fought
buy(买) bought bought
think(想) thought thought
hear (听见)heard heard
say(说) said said
find(找到) found found
have/has(有) had had
make(制造) made made
stand(站) stood stood
understand(明白)understood understood
(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始) began begun
drink(喝) drank drunk
ring(铃响) rang rung
sing (唱) sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum
blow(吹) blew blown
draw(画) drew drawn
fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown
know(知道) knew known
throw(投掷) threw thrown
show(出示) showed shown
break(打破) broke broken
choose(选择) chose chosen
forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot)
speak(说,讲) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woken
drive(驾驶) drove driven
eat(吃) ate eaten
fall(落下) fell fallen
give(给) gave given
rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken
mistake(弄错)mistook mistaken
ride(骑) rode ridden
write(写) wrote written
do(做) did done
go(去) went gone
lie(平躺) lay lain
see(看见) saw seen
wear (穿) wore worn
不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:
1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat
2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew
5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt
6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
1、中间去e末尾加t,如:keep→kept,feel→felt,sleep→slept,sweep→swept2、结尾d变t,如:build→built,lend→lent,send→sent,spend→spent3、遇见i改为a,如:ring→rang,sit→sat,drink→drank,sing→sang,swim→...
read一、“으”不规则动词
词干末音节的元音以“으”结尾的动词大部分都是不规则动词
1.如果动词词干中以“으”结尾的末音节之前的音节的元音是“아/오”,该动词词干选择连接以“아”开头的词尾,此时要去掉词干末音节的“으”,词干末音节的辅音和词尾的“아”结合
2.如果动词词干中以“으”结尾的末音节之前的音节的元音是“아/오”以外的元音,该动词词干选择连接以“어”开头的词尾,此时要去掉词干末音节的“으”,词干末音节的辅音和词尾的“어”结合
二、“ㅂ”不规则动词
词干末音节的辅音以“ㅂ”结尾的某些动词是不规则动词
1.当词干连接元音时(准确的说应该是连接以“아/오”开头的词尾时)发生变化,这时词干末音节的辅音“ㅂ”一般先变为“우”,然后只连接以“어”开头的词尾,“우”与“어”结合为“워”
2.但“돕다”(帮助)和“곱다”(漂亮)等除外,他们词干末音节的辅音“ㅂ”变为“오”,只连接以“아”开头的词尾,“오”与“아”结合为“와”;词干连接辅音时末音节的辅音“ㅂ”不变化
三、“ㄹ”不规则动词
词干末音节的辅音以“ㄹ”结尾并连接辅音“ㄴ、ㅂ、ㅅ”时,“ㄹ”应去掉
四、“ㄷ”不规则动词
动词词干末音节的以“ㄷ”结尾并选择连接以“아/오”开头的词尾时,“ㄷ”变为“ㄹ”;连接辅音时不变化。但“닫다”(关闭)、“받다”(得到)、“ 믿다”(相信)除外
五、“르”不规则动词
1.当动词词干末音节为“르”,选择连接以“어”开头的词尾,前一音节为开音节且元音为“아/오”时(-아르/-오르的形式+어),“르”结合“어”变为“라”,前一音节添加韵尾“ㄹ”(-알라/-올라的形式)
2.当动词词干末音节为“르”,选择连接以“어”开头的词尾,前一音节为开音节且元音为“아/오”以外的元音时,“르”结合“어”变为“러”,前一音节添加韵尾“ㄹ”(-ㄹ러的形式)
还有差不多的一篇:
韩国语音变规则
1.后一个字的辅音是“ㅇ”前面一个字有尾音时,尾音变成第二个字的辅音。
例:선생님은 [선생니믄] 학생들이 [학생드리]
2.“ㄱ”尾音碰到后一个字的辅音是“ㅁ”“ㄹ”“ㄴ”时 “ㄱ”尾音变成“ㅇ”尾音。
例:국물 [궁물] 숙녀 [숭녀] 백년 [뱅년] 흑룡강 [흥뇽강]
3.“ㄱ”“ㄷ”“ㅂ”尾音碰到后一个字的辅音是“ㅎ”时,“ㄱ”变为“ㅋ”, “ㄷ”变为.“ㅌ”, “ㅂ”变为“ㅍ”。
例:시작하다 [시자카다] 입학 [이팍] 싫다 [실타]
4.“ㅂ”尾音碰到后一个字的辅音是“ㄴ”“ㄹ”“ㅁ”时“ㅂ”尾音发“ㅁ”的音。
例:밥맛 [밤맏] 많습니다 [만씀니다]
5.前一个字的尾音是“ㄱ”“ㄷ”“ㅂ”时,后一个字的辅音是“ㄱ”“ㄷ”“ㅂ”“ㅅ”“ㅈ”时,后一个字辅音要发成紧音。
例:학교 [학꾜] 입고 [입꼬] 늦가을 [ 까을]
학생 [학쌩] 숙제 [숙쩨] 왔다 [ 따]
6.后一字的辅音是“ㅎ”时,一般都发前一个字尾音,无尾音才发“ㅎ”的音。
例:선선하다 [선서나다] 미안하다 [미아나다]
7.当“ㄹ”碰到“ㄴ”时,不管是尾音还是辅音。“ㄴ”都要变成“ㄹ”。
例:설날 [설랄]
8.当“ㄹ”尾音后碰到后面辅音“ㄴ”“ㅂ”“ㅅ”“ㄹ”时“ㄹ”要脱落。
例:들다-----드십니다, 드십시오, 듭시다
걸다-----거십니다, 거십시오, 겁시다
9.当一个谓词的尾音是“ㅁ”和“ㄴ”时,后面的辅音要变成紧音。
例:삼고 [삼꼬] 是谓词
삼다 [삼다] 是词组
10.当两个单独的词构成一个新单词,前一个词没有收音的时候,必须添加“ㅅ”尾音。
例:초 烛 불 光 ---------촛불 烛光
코 鼻 물 水 ---------콧물 鼻涕
11.当复合单词的前一个字的尾音是“ㄴ”“ㅇ”“ㅁ”时,后一个字的声母(辅音)必须要念成紧音。
例:산 山 길 路 ----------산길 山路 [산낄]
등 灯 불 火 ----------등불 灯火 [등뿔]
김 紫菜 밥 饭 ----------김밥 紫菜饭团 [김빱]
12.当两个单词组成一个复合单词时,前一个单词的收音为“ㄱ”时,后一个单词的元音是“ㅕ”“ㅛ”“ㅠ”“ㅑ”“ㅡ”而辅音是“ㅇ”,这时辅音变成“ㄴ”。(“ㄴ”添加)
例:한국 역사 [한궁 녁싸] 한국 음식 [한궁 늠식]
한국 약 [한궁 냑] 뇌막 역 [뇌망 녁]
13.有“ㄹ”尾音的名词的后一个字的辅音是松音,要变紧音。
例:일시 [일씨] 몰상식 [몰쌍식] 갈등 [갈 ] 절도 [절또]
14.当“ㅁ”“ㅇ”尾音遇到“ㄹ”辅音时,“ㄹ”要发“ㄴ”的音。
例:대통령 [대통녕] 염려 [염녀]
15.当“ㄷ”和“ㅣ”接触念成“ㅈ”; “ㅌ”和“ㅣ”接触念成“ㅊ”。
例:맏이 [마지] 같이 [가치]
16.复合单词“ㄹ”为辅音,尾音是“ㄴ”时,“ㄹ”变成“ㄴ”。
例:생산량 [생산냥]
17.“ㄷ”收音,遇到后面是“ㄴ”“ㅁ”,“ㄷ”发“ㄴ”的音。
例:닫는다 [단는다] 믿는다 [민는다] 맛만 [만만] 있는 [인는]
*더이 (重牙) 덧이 [던니]
*맛있다 [마딛따 / 마싣따] 멋있다 [머딛따 / 머싣따]
되어 [되어 /되여] 이오 [이요]
,虽然简单,觉得还是比较全面的,就发过来,没有更完整的了,自己写真的就像一楼说的:“好麻烦啊”
希望能给你做参考
如果你真想确切知道的话,买本语法书就自然明了了,呵呵