英语翻译

英语翻译
（1） Introduction:The Age of the New 1
作者：katharine park and lorraine daston 1
PART I.THE NEW NATURE
（2） Physics and Foundations 21
作者：daniel garber
Foundations 22
The Aristotelian Framework 25
Renaissance Anti-Aristotelianisms:Chymical Philosophies 29
Renaissance Anti-Aristotelianisms:The Italian Naturalists 33
Renaissance Anti-Aristotelianisms:Mathematical Order and
Harmony 36
The Rise of the Mechanical and Corpuscular Philosophy 43
The Mechanical Philosophy:Theories of Matter 47
The Mechanical Philosophy:Space,Void,and Motion 52
The Mechanical Philosophy:Spirit,Force,and Activity 59
The Mechanical Philosophy:God and Final Causes 63
Beyond the Mechanical Philosophy:Newton 66
Conclusion:Beyond Foundations 68
（3） Scientific Explanation from Formal Causes to Laws
of Nature 70
作者：lynn s.joy
Three Notable Changes in Early Modern Scientific Explanations 70
Causality in the Aristotelian Tradition 73
God as a Final Cause and the Emergence of Laws of Nature 77
Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Efficient Causes among the Aristotelian
Reformers 82
Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Efficient Causes among the Corpuscular
Physicists 87
Active and Passive Principles as a Model for Cause and Effect 93
（4） The Meanings of Experience 106
作者：peter dear
Experience and the Natural Philosophy of Aristotle in Early
Modern Europe 108
Experiences of Life and Health 111
Experience and Natural History:Individuals,Species,and
Taxonomy 115
Experience and the Mathematical Sciences 119
Event Experiments and “Physico-mathematics” 124
Newtonian Experience 126
Conclusion 130
（5） Proof and Persuasion 132
作者：r.w.serjeantson
Disciplinary Decorum 134
Theories of Proof and Persuasion 138
Disciplinary Reconfigurations 150
Mathematical Traditions 154
Experiment 157
Probability and Certainty 162
Proof and Persuasion in the Printed Book 164
Proof,Persuasion,and Social Institutions 168
Conclusion 174
PART II.PERSONAE AND SITES OF NATURAL KNOWLEDGE
（6） The Man of Science 179
作者：steven shapin
The University Scholar 182
The Medical Man 186
The Gentleman 188
（7） Women of Natural Knowledge 192
作者：londa schiebinger
Learned Elites 193
Artisans 199
Colonial Connections 201
（8） Markets,Piazzas,and Villages 206
作者：william eamon
Markets and Shops 207
Natural Knowledge in the Piazza 213
Natural Knowledge in the Countryside and Villages 217
Conclusion:Popular Culture and the New Philosophy 221
（9） Homes and Households 224
作者：alix cooper
Domestic Spaces 226
Natural Inquiry as a Family Project 229
Dividing Labor in the Scientific Household 233
（10） Libraries and Lecture Halls 238
作者：anthony grafton
The Classroom 240
The Library 244
（11） Courts and Academies 251
作者：bruce t.moran
Science at Court 253
Cabinets and Workshops 263
From Court to Academy 267