求 across 介词的用法?

across
▲ across和over均可用来表示某一范围之内（如田野、沙漠、舞池等）的动作.或表示“处
于一座高的障碍物的另一侧”.例如：
During the day,we’ll walk across the land,following the footprints of big animals such
as elephants,lions and giraffes.
白天,我们穿行于陆地,追寻大象、狮子和长颈鹿之类大型动物的脚印.
① He has traveled all over/across the Europe.
他已走遍欧洲.
② Can you jump over/across the stream?
你能跳过这条小溪吗?
③ There are three bridges across/over the river.
河上有三座桥.
④ There is an apple tree across/over the fence.
篱笆的另一边有一棵苹果树.
⑤ Another village is over/across the hill.
小山那边有一个村庄.
辨析：across和over.
▲ across表示“从某一范围的一边到另一边”.例如：
⑥ He walked across the living room into his bedroom.
他走过客厅进入房间.
⑦ How long does it take to sail across the Pacific?
横渡太平洋需要多久?
⑧ It took them three month s to go trekking across the desert.
他们花了三个月穿越这沙漠.
▲ over表示“从顶上越过或克服某一困难”.例如：
⑨ The boy climbed over the fence and disappeared.
男孩翻过篱笆不见了.
⑩ He looked back over his shoulder.
他从肩膀上往后看.
(11) They got over many difficulties in their English study.
他们克服了英语学习中的许多困难.
注：across作“遍及”解释,这时与all over/throughout同义.例如：
(12) The news spread across/all over/throughout the country.
这消息传遍整个国家.
辨析：across,over 和through.
▲ through prep.表示“从……穿过”,常指从物体的中间穿过.例如：
① The tourists traveled through the forest.
旅游者穿过森林.
② He went in through the open window.
他从开着的窗户进入.
③ She looked into the room through the key hole.
她从钥匙洞往房间里边看.
▲ through prep.表示原因,相当于because of 或as a result of.例如：
④ It was through his carelessness that the money was lost.
是因为他的粗心钱才丢了.
⑤ It was all through you that we were late.
我们之所以迟到,完全怪你.
⑥ The accident happened through no fault of yours.
这个事故的发生并不是你的过错.
⑦ We lost ourselves through not knowing the way.
我们因不认识路而迷失方向.
▲ through prep.也可以用来表示借助于某种工具、方法或手段,相当于by means of,意为
“通过”“依靠”.例如：
⑧ We learn a language through (= by) speaking it.
我们通过对话来学一门语言.
⑨ I got the news through a friend of mine.
我是通过我的一个朋友得知这一消息的.
⑩ He achieved his goal through (= by) hard work.
他通过努力奋斗实现了目标.
▲ through adv.表示“自始至终”“完全地”“直达”.例如：
(11) He slept the whole night through.
他睡了一整夜.
(12) You are wet through.
你全身湿透了.
(13) This train goes through to Paris.
这火车直到巴黎.