(1)如图①,BD、CD是∠ABC和∠ACB的角平分线且相交于点D,请猜想∠A与∠BDC之间的数量关系,并说明理由; (2)如图②,BD、CD是∠ABC和∠ACB外角的平分线且相交于点D.请猜想∠A与∠BDC之

问题描述:

(1)如图①,BD、CD是∠ABC和∠ACB的角平分线且相交于点D,请猜想∠A与∠BDC之间的数量关系,并说明理由;
(2)如图②,BD、CD是∠ABC和∠ACB外角的平分线且相交于点D.请猜想∠A与∠BDC之间的数量关系,并说明理由.

(1)∵BD、CD是∠ABC和∠ACB的角平分线,
∴∠DBC=

1
2
∠ABC,∠DCB=
1
2
∠ACB,
∵∠ABC+∠ACB=180°-∠A,
∠BDC=180°-∠DBC-∠DCB=180°-
1
2
(∠ABC+∠ACB)=180°-
1
2
(180°-∠A)=90°+
1
2
∠A,
∴∠BDC=90°+
1
2
∠A.
(2)∵BD、CD是∠ABC和∠ACB外角的平分线,
∴∠CBD=
1
2
(∠A+∠ACB),∠BCD=
1
2
(∠A+∠ABC),
∵∠ABC+∠ACB=180°-∠A,
∠BDC=180°-∠CBD-∠BCD=180°-
1
2
(∠A+∠ACB+∠A+∠ABC)
=180°-
1
2
(2∠A+180°-∠A)=90°-
1
2
∠A.
即∠BDC=90°-
1
2
∠A.