on与动词构成短语的搭配规律(急需)

on
prep.（介词）
Used to indicate position above and supported by or in contact with:
在…上：用于表示在…上及被…支撑或与…接触的位置：
The vase is on the table. We rested on our hands and knees.
花瓶在桌子上.我们把头靠在手和膝盖上休息
Used to indicate contact with or extent over (a surface) regardless of position:
在…上面：表示不考虑位置接触或在某一表面上：
a picture on the wall; a rash on my back.
墙上挂着的一幅画；我背上长的疹子
Used to indicate location at or along:
表示位于或沿着：
the pasture on the south side of the river; a house on the highway.
河岸南边的牧场；高速公路边的房子
Used to indicate proximity:
表示接近：
a town on the border.
靠近边界的一个市镇
Used to indicate attachment to or suspension from:
表示附在…上或悬于…：
beads on a string.
细绳上悬的珠子
Used to indicate figurative or abstract position:
用以表示比喻的或抽象的位置：
on the young side, but experienced; on her third beer; stopped on chapter two.
相当年轻,但经验十足；在她喝第三杯啤酒时；到第二章为止
Used to indicate actual motion toward, against, or onto:
向…,朝…：用于表示实际的动作朝向,对着…或在…上：
jumped on the table; the march on Washington.
跳到桌子上；向华盛顿的进军
Used to indicate figurative or abstract motion toward, against, or onto:
向…,在…上：用于表示比喻或抽象的运动的朝向,对着…或在…之上：
going on six o'clock; came on the answer by accident.
到快六点了；偶然找到了答案
Used to indicate occurrence at a given time:
用于表示事件发生在某指定的时间：
on July third; every hour on the hour.
在七月三日这一天；时时刻刻
Used to indicate the particular occasion or circumstance:
用以表示某一特定场合：
On entering the room, she saw him.
她一进这个房间便看到了他
Used to indicate the object affected by actual, perceptible action:
对着：用于表示实际的、能察觉到的行为影响到的目标：
The spotlight fell on the actress. He knocked on the door.
聚光灯把光集中打到女演员身上；他敲门
Used to indicate the object affected by a figurative action:
针对：用于表示一个想象的行动影响到的目标：
Have pity on them.
可怜他们吧
Used to indicate the object of an action directed, tending, or moving against it:
向着,对着：用于表示行动指导、朝向或移向的目标：
an attack on the fortress.
对城堡的袭击
Used to indicate the object of perception or thought:
思考的事物：用于表示感觉和思想的对象：
gazed on the vista; meditated on his actions.
注视着风景；策划他的行动
Used to indicate the agent or agency of a specified action:
行为的原因或动力：用于表示对某一特定行为起作用或对某一行为有帮助的东西：
cut his foot on the broken glass; talked on the telephone.
碎玻璃把他的脚扎破了；通过电话聊天
Used to indicate a medicine or other corrective taken or undertaken routinely:
服用：用于表示有规律或经常性服用的药物或矫正性行为：
went on a strict diet.
进行严格的食疗
Used to indicate a substance that is the cause of an addiction, a habit, or an altered state of consciousness:
由于：引上瘾、习惯或意识状态改变的物质：
high on dope.
因吸毒而陷入沉醉状态
Used to indicate a source or basis:
根据：用于表示来源或基础：
“We will reach our judgments not on intentions or on promises but on deeds and on results”(Margaret Thatcher)
“我们将根据事实和结果而不是目的或诺言来作出判断”(玛格丽特·撒切尔)
Used to indicate the state or process of:
表示…的状态或过程：
on leave; on fire; on the way.
休假；着火；在途中
Used to indicate the purpose of:
表…的意图：
travel on business.
商务旅行
Used to indicate a means of conveyance:
表示运送方式：
ride on a train.
坐火车
Used to indicate availability by means of:
表示可利用的方法：表示用…方式获取：
beer on tap; a physician on call.
随时可取用的啤酒；随时待命的大夫
Used to indicate belonging to:
表归属：
a nurse on the hospital staff.
在医院就职的护士
Used to indicate addition or repetition:
表示增加或重复：
heaped error on error.
错上加错
Concerning; about:
涉及；关于：
a book on astronomy.
有关天文学的书籍
Concerning and to the disadvantage of:
关于且不利于：
We have some evidence on him.
我们有一些不利于他的证据
Informal In one's possession; with:
【非正式用语】 拥有；带着：
I haven't a cent on me.
我一分钱都没带
At the expense of; compliments of:
以…为代价；恭维：
drinks on the house.
免费的饮料
adv.（副词）
In or into a position or condition of being supported by or in contact with something:
在…加上：在或进入受到某物支撑或与某物相接触的位置或状态：
Put the coffee on.
增加咖啡
In or into a position of being attached to or covering something:
附着,遮盖：在或进入到被连接或覆盖某物的位置上：
Put your clothes on.
穿上你的衣服
In the direction of something:
在某事物的方向上：
He looked on while the ship docked.
船入码头时他一直在观看
Toward or at a point lying ahead in space or time; forward:
向前：向前或位于空间或时间之前：
The play moved on to the next city.
剧组转移到下一个城市演出
At or to a more distant point in time or space:
稍后地：在或向时间或空间上更远的一点：
I'll do it later on.
我稍后会做这件事
In a continuous course:
继续：在连续的过程中：
He worked on quietly.
他一直默默地工作着
In or into performance or operation:
执行,运作：处于或进入执行或运行中：
Turn on the radio.
打开收音机
In progress or action; in a state of activity:
进展,继续：在进展或行动中；在运行状态下：
The show must go on.
演出必须继续下去
In or at the present position or condition:
位于或在现状或现存的条件下：
stay on; hang on.
维持现状；别挂电话
In a condition of being scheduled for or decided upon:
依照原定计划地：在预先安排或已决定的状态下：
There is a party on tonight.
今晚要举行一个聚会
adj.（形容词）
Being in operation:
在运行中的：
The television is on.
电视机是开着的
Engaged in a given function or activity, such as a vocal or dramatic role:
从事某项活动的：起作用的或参于某项活动,如演唱或戏剧中的角色：
You're on in five minutes!
五分钟后你该上场表演了
Under or behaving as if under observation:
受注意的：在注意下的或好象在注意下行动的：
A minister is always on.
部长的行为总在被大众注意着
Slang Functioning or performing at a high degree of competence or energy:
【俚语】 表现优越的：以高程度或能量起作用或执行的：
The goalie is really on.
守门员表现出色
Planned; intended:
计划的,本意的：
Our calendar is open; we have nothing on for this weekend.
我们日程表是空的；这个周末我们没有什么计划
Happening; taking place:
发生的；出现的：
The parade is on.
游行在进行
be on to【俚语】
To be aware of or have information about:
知道,意识到：意识到…或知道…的情况：
You'll never deceive us again; we're on to you.
你再也骗不了我们了；我们已识破了你的诡计
on and off
Intermittently.
间断地,持续地
on and on
Without stopping; continuously.
无间断地；连续不断地
Middle English
中古英语
from Old English an, on * see an-
源自 古英语 an, on *参见 an-
To indicate motion toward a position, both onandontocan be used:
表示朝某一位置的移动时,on 和 on to 都可以使用：
The cat jumped on the table.
The cat jumped on the table .
The cat jumped onto the table.
The cat jumped onto the table.
Ontois more specific,however, in indicating that the motion was initiated from an outside point. He wandered onto the battlefieldmeans that he began his wandering at some point off the battlefield.He wandered on the battlefieldmay mean that his wandering began on the battlefield. ·In constructions where onis an adverb attached to a verb,it should not be joined with toto form the single wordonto:
Onto更具体, 但表示的动作是从外面一点开始的.He wandered onto the battlefield 指他是从战场外面一点开始漫游的. He wandered on the battlefield 可能意为是在战场上他开始漫游的. 当on 在结构上作为连接动词的副词时, 不应该和to 连接在一起形成一个单独的词 onto：
move on to (notonto )new subjects;
转移到（而不是 onto ) 新的课题 ；
hold on to (notonto )our gains.·
保住（而不是 onto ) 我们的成果 .
In their uses to indicate spatial relations, onanduponare often interchangeable:
在用于表示空间的关系上,on 和 upon 经常可以互换：
It was resting on (or upon )two supports.
它基于（或 upon ) 两点证明.
She took it on (orupon )herself to finish the project.
她独立（或 upon ) 完成了项目.
We saw a finch light on (orupon )a bough.
我们看到树枝上停着（或 upon ) 一只麻雀.
To indicate a relation between two things, however, instead of between an action and an end point, upon cannot always be used:
但在表示两件事物之间的关系而不是表示一种行为和行为终点之间的关系时,upon 不总是能被使用：
Hand me the book on (notupon )the table.
帮我把书放在（而不是 upon ) 桌子上.
It was the only town on (notupon )the main line.
这是（而不是 upon ) 主要干线上唯一的城镇.
Similarly, uponcannot always be used in place ofon when the relation is not spatial:
同样,当两者之间关系不是空间上的关系时,不总是能用upon 代替 on ：
He wrote a book on (notupon )alchemy.
他写了一本有关（而不是 upon ) 炼金术的书；
She will be here on (notupon )Tuesday.
她（而不是 upon ) 星期二要来这里.
ON
ON
abbr.（略语）
Also O.N. Old Norse.
也作 O.N. Old Norse.
Ontario.
Ontario.
on
[Rn]
prep.
在…上
sth. on the table
在桌上的东西
a ring on her finger
她手上的戒指
(= upon)
He stood on the clifftop looking out to the sea.
他站在悬崖顶上眺望大海.
The naughty boy sat on the edge of the fence dangling his legs.
"淘气的小男孩坐在栏杆边上,两腿悬空."
（悬挂、固定）在…上
There is a list of our lessons on the wall.
墙上有我们的课程表.
(= upon)
朝,向
on my right
在我右边
to make an attack on the enemy
向敌人进攻
(= upon)
I'll meet you on / at the corner of Smith Street and Main Road.
我将在史密斯大街和湎洇路的十字路口与你会面.
关于
a lesson on history
历史课
a book on breeding rabbits
一本有关养兔的书
当…时候,在…时
on Monday
在星期一
on October 1st
在10月1 日
在…后立即
Some magazines pay on acceptance, others on publication.
一些杂志采用稿件后即付稿酬,另外一些则要到发表后才付.
on thinking the matter over
仔细考虑这件事之后
(= upon)
On whose authority are you putting these posters here?
你们得到谁的许可在这儿贴广告?
The glass hit the corner of the table and broke on impact.
"玻璃杯碰到桌子角上,撞了个粉碎."
以…方式；靠
to travel on the ship
乘轮船旅行
They live on potatoes.
他们靠吃马铃薯生活.
(= upon)
在…情况下；处于…状态
on purpose
故意地
These officers are on leave.
这些军官在休假.
He went to * on business.
他到香港出差去了.
The chief physician of the hospital is on circuit for most of the year.
这个医院的主任医师一年中大部分时间都在作巡回医疗.
on
adv.
继续着
He worked on right through lunchtime.
午餐时间他还在工作.
The whole group worked on and on all night.
全组人员连续不断地干了个通宵.
更远地；再向前地
Time is getting on.
时间渐晚.
Shall we go on?
我们继续向前吗?
开；处于工作状态中
Switch the radio on.
打开收音机.
Put the alarm clock on for 7 o'clock.
把闹钟拨到七点.
固定上
to sew the button on
钉钮扣
（时钟）拨前地
not on
不可能
You can't refuse now — it's just not on!
你现在不能拒绝,这是不可能的!
on
adj.
开着的
Is the gas on?
煤气开着吗?
The radio's on but it isn't working.
收音机开着,但不响了.
Is the water / electricity on yet?
自来水/电通了吗?
发生着的；正在进行中的
A new film is now on.
现在正在上映一部新的电影.
Is the match still on?
比赛还在进行吗?
What's on television tonight?
今晚电视还有什么节目?
What's she on about now?
她又在唠叨些什么了?
upon
[E5pCn]
prep.
=on
向上; 位于高处
逼近; 接触
紧接着
The enemy was upon us.
敌人逼近我们.
The Christmas holiday will soon be upon us.
圣诞节马上就要来到了.
【说明】upon或
on
一般可通用, 但有以下区别:
表示日期时一般只用on, 不用upon
在某些习语中, upon和on 不能互相替换, 如:upon my word, once upon a time, on no account
在句末或分句末的动词不定式后往往用 upon, 不用 on, 如:nothing to defend upon
on
比
upon
[E5pCn]
通俗
on
[Cn]
prep.
在...上
a painting on the wall
墙上的一幅画
在...旁, 靠近
the inn on the road
路旁的旅店
the town on the river
临河的城镇
向着...
march on London
向伦敦前进
smile on sb.
对着某人笑
在...时候; ...之后立即
on the morning of May 5th
在五月五日早晨
on arriving home
刚到家就...
on analysis
经分析后
根据; 凭; 靠
act on principles
照原则办事
live on
靠...生活
On what ground?
凭什么理 由?
关于; 论述
a book on grammar
语法书
是...的成员
be on the committee
担任委员
在从事...中, 处于...情况中
on duty
值班
on guard [the watch]
看守
通过, 以...方式
hear music on the radio
用收音机听音乐
on the quiet
偷偷地
由...支付, 由...承担
All the expenses fall on me.
全部费用由我支付.
It is incumbent on me to reclaim him.
劝他改过是我义不容辞的义务.
一个又一个, 又, 累加
loss on loss
一再损失
heaps on heaps
许许多多
冒...危险
on pain of death
冒生命危险
You bet she could cook, She was just on it.
她当然会烧菜, 她正好学会了这种手艺.
on
adv.
(安置)上去; (连接)上去
have one's shoes on
穿上鞋
turn on the radio
开收音机
向前去; 进行下去; 继续下去
further on
再向前
go on
往前走; 继续下去
自从
from that day on
自从那天以后
later on
后来
on
adj.
进行中的
The race is on.
比赛在进行中.
[口]同意的; 乐意参加的
Are you on?
你同意(去)吗?
[俚]醉了的
He is a bit on.
他有点儿醉了.
on-again
adj.
时有时无的, 断断续续的
oncoming
[5CnkQmiN]
adj.
迎面而来的, 即将到来的
on-course
adv.
在航线上
onfall
[5CnfC:l]
n.
攻击, 袭击
on-fiber
n.
给光型纤维
on-ga(u)ge
adj.
标准的, 合格的
on-grade
adj.
健全的, 无缺陷的; 等内的
on-hook
n.
【信】挂机, 在钩
on-impedance
n.
动态阻抗
on-licence
[`Cn9laIsLns,`R:n-]
n.
酒吧营业执照
onload
[`CnlEJd,`R:n-]
vt.
装载
onlooker
[5RnlJkE(r)]
n.
(袖手)旁观者; 目击者
onlooking
n., adj.
旁观(的)
on-mike
n.
靠近话筒; 正在送话
on-off
[`CnCf,`R:nR:f]
adj.
时断时续的, 开关的, 离合的, 双位的, 通断, 起停
on-peak
adj.
最高的; 峰值的
onroll
n.
滚滚向前
onside
[5RnsaId, Rn5saId]
adj.
未越位的
on-site
adv.
在工地上; 场[厂]区内; 单位内; 装置内
onslaught
[5RnslC:t]
n.
突击, 猛攻
onstage
[`Cn`steIdV]
adj., adv.
在前台(的)
on-state
adj.
(处于)接通(状态下)的, 接通时的, 开态
on-stream
adv.
在操作中; 在工作中; 在运转中; 开车
onsweep
[`Cnswi:p]
n.
向前疾驶
on-switch
n.
启动开关
on-the -air
adj.
正在广播, 正在发射(电波)
on-the -job -training
adj.
在职训练
on-the -run
adj.
临时的, 仓促而成的
on-the -shelf
adj.
滞销的; 搁置的; 废弃的
on-the -spot
adj.
现场的; 当场的
on-time
n.
接通持续时间, 工作时间; 准时
on-track
n.
搬上轨道
on-tube
n.
接通(电子)管
and so on
等等
be on at
不断地找岔[唠叨]
be on it
[美口]准备就绪; 决定动手做; 熟练(某事)
beon to
知道; 识透; 对某人找岔子; 与...联系[商谈]
geton to
知道; 识透; 对某人找岔子; 与...联系[商谈]
have sth. on sb.
掌握某人的一些事实[证据]
just on
差不多
neither off nor on
优柔寡断的; 三心二意的; 没有关系的
off and on (=on and off)
断断续续地; 不规则地
on and after
自...起, ...以后
on and on
继续不断地
on with
穿戴上; 开始; 继续