设M部分为正整数组成的集合,数列,前n项和为,已知对任意整数kM,当整数都成立 (1)设的值; (2)设的为何得到N大于等于8,求详解 若好,再加20(1)由M={1},根据题意可知k=1,所以n≥2时,Sn+1+Sn-1=2(Sn+S1),即(Sn+1-Sn)-(Sn-Sn-1)=2S1,又a1=1,则an+1-an=2a1=2,又a2=2,所以数列{an}除去首项后,是以2为首项,2为公差的等差数列,故当n≥2时,an=a2+2(n-2)=2n-2,所以a5=8;(2)根据题意可知当k∈M={3,4},且n>k时,Sn+k+Sn-k=2(Sn+Sk)①,且Sn+1+k+Sn+1-k=2(Sn+1+Sk)②,②-①得:(Sn+1+k-Sn+k)+(Sn+1-k-Sn-k)=2(Sn+1-Sn),即an+1+k+an+1-k=2an+1,可化为:an+1+k-an+1=an+1-an+1-k所以n≥8时,an-6,an-3,an,an+3,an+6成等差数列,且an-6,an-2,an+2,an+
设M部分为正整数组成的集合,数列,前n项和为,已知对任意整数kM,当整数都成立 (1)设的值; (2)设的
为何得到N大于等于8,求详解 若好,再加20
(1)由M={1},根据题意可知k=1,所以n≥2时,Sn+1+Sn-1=2(Sn+S1),
即(Sn+1-Sn)-(Sn-Sn-1)=2S1,又a1=1,
则an+1-an=2a1=2,又a2=2,
所以数列{an}除去首项后,是以2为首项,2为公差的等差数列,
故当n≥2时,an=a2+2(n-2)=2n-2,
所以a5=8;
(2)根据题意可知当k∈M={3,4},
且n>k时,Sn+k+Sn-k=2(Sn+Sk)①,且Sn+1+k+Sn+1-k=2(Sn+1+Sk)②,
②-①得:(Sn+1+k-Sn+k)+(Sn+1-k-Sn-k)=2(Sn+1-Sn),
即an+1+k+an+1-k=2an+1,可化为:an+1+k-an+1=an+1-an+1-k
所以n≥8时,an-6,an-3,an,an+3,an+6成等差数列,且an-6,an-2,an+2,an+6也成等差数列,
从而当n≥8时,2an=an-3+an+3=an-6+an+6,(*)且an-2+an+2=an-6+an+6,
所以当n≥8时,2an=an-2+an+2,即an+2-an=an-an-2,
于是得到当n≥9时,an-3,an-1,an+1,an+3成等差数列,从而an-3+an+3=an-1+an+1,
由(*)式可知:2an=an-1+an+1,即an+1-an=an-an-1,
当n≥9时,设d=an-an-1,
则当2≤n≤8时,得到n+6≥8,从而由(*)可知,2an+6=an+an+12,得到2an+7=an+1+an+13,
两式相减得:2(an+7-an+6)=an+1-an+(an+13-an+12),
则an+1-an=2d-d=d,
因此,an-an-1=d对任意n≥2都成立,
又由Sn+k+Sn-k-2Sn=2Sk,可化为:(Sn+k-Sn)-(Sn-Sn-k)=2Sk,
当k=3时,(Sn+3-Sn)-(Sn-Sn-3)=9d=2S3;同理当k=4时,得到16d=2S4,
两式相减得:2(S4-S3)=2a4=16d-9d=7d,解得a4=72d,
因为a4-a3=d,解得a3=52d,同理a2=32d,a1=d2,
则数列{an}为等差数列,由a1=1可知d=2,
所以数列{an}的通项公式为an=1+2(n-1)=2n-1.