英语翻译

Almost every culture in the world has held celebrations of thanks for a plentiful harvest.The American Thanksgiving holiday began as a feast of thanksgiving in the early days of the American colonies almost four hundred years ago.
In 1620,a boat filled with more than one hundred people sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to settle in the New World.This religious group had begun to question the beliefs of the Church of England and they wanted to separate from it.The Pilgrims settled in what is now the state of Massachusetts.Their first winter in the New World was difficult.They had arrived too late to grow many crops,and without fresh food,half the colony died from disease.The following spring the Iroquois Indians taught them how to grow corn,a new food for the colonists.They showed them other crops to grow in the unfamiliar soil and how to hunt and fish.
In the autumn of 1621,bountiful crops of corn,barley,beans and pumpkins were harvested.The colonists had much to be thankful for,so a feast was planned.They invited the local Indian chief and 90 Indians.The Indians brought deer to roast with the turkeys and other wild game offered by the colonists.The colonists had learned how to cook cranberries and different kinds of corn and squash dishes from the Indians.To this first Thanksgiving,the Indians had even brought popcorn.
In following years,many of the original colonists celebrated the autumn harvest with a feast of thanks.
After the United States became an independent country,Congress recommended one yearly day of thanksgiving for the whole nation to celebrate.George Washington suggested the date November 26 as Thanksgiving Day.Then in 1863,at the end of a long and bloody civil war,Abraham Lincoln asked all Americans to set aside the last Thursday in November as a day of thanksgiving.
Thanksgiving falls on the fourth Thursday of November,a different date every year.The President must proclaim that date as the official celebration.
Thanksgiving is a time for tradition and sharing.Even if they live far away,family members gather for a reunion at the house of an older relative.All give thanks together for the good things that they have.
In this spirit of sharing,civic groups and charitable organizations offer a traditional meal to those in need,particularly the homeless.On most tables throughout the United States,foods eaten at the first thanksgiving have become traditional.
几乎世界上所有的文化体都会为感恩丰收来举行庆典.美国的感恩节作为感恩的盛宴,起源于大约四百年前美国殖民地早期.在1620年,一个载满一百多人的船穿过大西洋来到新大陆.那是这个宗教团体开始质疑英国教会的信仰并且想要脱离它.这些清教徒定居在现在的马萨诸塞州.他们在新大陆的第一年很艰难.他们来得太晚,错过了种植粮食的时机,而且没有新鲜的食物,一半的殖民者死于疾病.第二年春天,居住在那里的易洛魁族印第安人交给他们如何种植玉米,这对这些殖民者来说是一种新的食物.印第安人教给他们怎样在这个他们不熟悉的土地上种植其他粮食、如何打猎以及捕鱼.
在1621年的秋天,玉米、大麦、豆子和南瓜获得了大丰收.为了表示感激,殖民者打算举行一个宴会.他们邀请了当地的印第安酋长和90个印第安人.这些印第安人带来了鹿肉,来和火鸡以及殖民者提供的其他野味一起来烤.殖民者从印第安人那里学会了如何烹调蔓越橘和其他的谷物,如何做南瓜菜.第一次感恩节,这些印第安人甚至带来了爆米花.
在接下来的几年里,许多原殖民者用宴会来庆祝秋天的丰收.在美国成为一个独立的国家以后,国会建议一个全国性的每年一次的感恩日.乔治华盛顿建议11月26日作为感恩节.1863年,在长期、血腥的内战即将结束之际,亚伯拉罕林肯要求所有的美国人留出11月的最后一个星期四作为感恩节.感恩节就确定在了11月的第四个星期四,每年的日期都不同.总统必须宣布那天为官方庆祝活动.
感恩节是传统、分享的日子.即使他们住的很远,家庭成员也要在一个年长的亲戚家重聚,所有人要一起对他们美好的事情感恩.
关于分享,市民团体和慈善组织给那些需要的人,尤其是无家可归的人提供传统的食物.在美国大多数的餐桌上,第一次感恩节吃的食物成为了传统的食物.