虚拟语气as if 引导的从句问题首先问一下as if可以引导表语从句么?请给以个举例,as if 引导的从句,从句谓语动词应该使用什么?是did 还是 had done?既然跟wish后接宾语从句的谓语动词一样,为什么没有would do?原句When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it were broken.请问为什么用were broken?跟时态有关么?原句The two strangers talked as if they had been friends for years.为什么谓语动词是had been?而不是were或者其他的

问题描述:

虚拟语气as if 引导的从句问题
首先问一下as if可以引导表语从句么?请给以个举例,
as if 引导的从句,从句谓语动词应该使用什么?是did 还是 had done?既然跟wish后接宾语从句的谓语动词一样,为什么没有would do?
原句
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it were broken.
请问为什么用were broken?跟时态有关么?
原句
The two strangers talked as if they had been friends for years.
为什么谓语动词是had been?而不是were或者其他的

问英国人

与现在事实相反 从句用一般过去时(be用were)主句用would/should/might/could+动词原形
将来事实相反 从句用 一般过去时或were to do或should do 主句用would/should/might/could+动词原形


过去事实相反 从句用过去完成时 主句用would/should/might/could+have done
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.
与现在事实相反,所以从句用过去时,be动词的虚拟用were
The two strangers talked as if they had been friends for years.
从主句talked表示与过去相反,所以从句用过去完成时had been

1. as if可以引导两者从句,一是方式状语从句,二就是表语从句了.
如:It seems as if it is going to rain.
seem是系动词,后面的as if it is going to rain当然就是表语从句.
2. as if引导的从句,其有可能使用陈述语气,也有可能使用虚拟语气.
关键是看其从句所表达的动作是否是真实的.如果明显不符合实际情况,才会用虚拟语气.如果是真实情况,则不必使用虚拟语气,用陈述语气即可.
再如:It seems as if it is going to rain.
此题中的as if从句可以不必使用虚拟语气,因为当时天气情况看起来的确有可能会下雨.
如:You speak as if you were God.
此处的as if的从句就必须使用虚拟语气,因为人不可能是上帝.
3. as if引导从句使用陈述语气时,其时态只需要和主句动作相对应即可,此处不予解释,见谅.
4. 楼主问的应该是as if从句使用虚拟语气时候的谓语动词的构成,现简述如下:
首先必须把as if从句的谓语动词所表示的动作和主句的谓语动词所表示的动作对比,如果:
1)从句动作发生在主句动作之前,则从句使用过去完成时.
如:The two strangers talked as if they had been friends for years.
首先,句意表明的是他们并不真的是多年的朋友,所以as if从句必须使用虚拟语气;
其次,把talked和be friends对比,明显句意是指“在他们谈话之前,他们就是多年的好友”,即从句动作发生在主句动作之前,所以从句使用过去完成时.
2)从句动作和主句动作同时进行,则从句使用一般过去时或过去进行时.
如:When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.
首先,筷子在水中并没有真正断掉,所以as if从句必须使用虚拟语气;
其次,把look和be broken对比,两个动作明显是同时进行的,所以从句只需要用一般过去时(be动词在虚拟语气时,一般改写成were).
3)从句动作发生在主句动作之后,则从句使用过去将来时.
这一点楼主搞错了,你只是没有见过类似的句子而已,其实as if从句是可以用would do sth的.
如:It seemed as if the night would never end. 夜似乎没有尽头.
首先,夜当然会有尽头,所以as if从句必须使用虚拟语气;
其次,seem和never end对比,明显从句动作在seem之后,所以用过去将来时即would do sth.
5. 写了这么多,只是希望楼主能对此有更深更准确的理解.
呵呵,如果能有点悬赏分就更好了.