下面那句英文里by的意思
问题描述：
下面那句英文里by的意思
They quickly seized the initiative and begin to fill the vaccum by replacing the imports with locally produced alternatives.
by的意思?
答
by在这里是介词,其后跟的是动名词replacing,它在改句中的意思应该是表示某种方式,或手段而达到某种目的,既通过或借助于