解释几个英语语法题.121, James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he was coming until yesterday.为什么 用was coming?122, If not treated with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. 为什么用Not treated?123, I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there. 为什么用had been?
解释几个英语语法题.
121, James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he was coming until yesterday.为什么 用was coming?
122, If not treated with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. 为什么用Not treated?
123, I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there. 为什么用had been?
122, If not treated with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.
这里使用Not treated，表示jack没有以....的形式被对待，jack在主句中作为主语，在从句却是动作的承受者，要用被动语态。
句中的形式其实是省略形式，完整形式应为If he is not treated with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.
123 I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there.
这句话是虚拟语气。wish后面需要用虚拟语气形式had +动词过去分词。
这句话是表示：自己没去派对，但是希望自己曾经去过。
现在进行时可以代替将来时，动词经常就是来来去去这种
表示移动的动词
因为前面是I didn’t know，所以后面时态统一
is coming变成was coming
not treated,被动，人家对待他
Jack被人家对待
I wish +从句，是虚拟的一种，要退一步的
表示现在的情况的虚拟，用过去时
表示过去的虚拟，用过去完成时
I do wish I had been there
我真希望以前去过那里
实际上过去没去过，与事实相反
121. 现在状态是james已经到了,强调的是一种已发生的局面.直到昨天,过去一直不知道,用过去式did,是一个持续的概念；大家都知道,一般be doing,翻译成：正在做什么什么,而且有起强调的作用,还有一种意思,它强调一种笼统的概念,例如do shopping,购物, do cleaning,打扫卫生,do washing等等,老师通常告诉我们是固定搭配.而句中come强调的是过去他在某一时间段“来”这个动作和状态,“come”,“来“,只能说用coming更贴切,更符合习惯用法.比如说“我来了”,正确翻译：I am coming,不翻译成 I come.例如,他来得很早,一般he coms early,不强调他“来”这个动作或这个状态.
122.这句话的大概翻译：：如果杰克受到不尊重的对待,（他觉得别人应该对他尊重）,他就很会变得脾气坏和恼怒.直译的话：如果不被,他觉得本应受到的尊重来对待,他就会.很明显了,主语是JACK,他是被对待,所以是treated,他变得坏脾气,是不被尊重对待,所以是not treated.
123.翻译：我没有去party,但我希望我去过.过去时我没去party,已经过去了,可是现在我希望过去有去过,且希望发生在过去,记住吧,这是虚拟语气,固定搭配wish/hope/would like等+had done somthing,翻译成,希望/宁愿/情愿发生过什么,做过什么.如,我真希望我没干那件蠢事,I would like I had not done the stupid stuff.事实上我干过了.