英语翻译The use of mechanical dictionaries to overcome the barriers of language was first suggested in the 17th century.However,it was not until the 20th century that the first concrete proposals were made,in patents issued independently in 1933 by George Artsrouni,a French-Armenian,and by a Russian,Petr Smirnov- Troyanskii.Artsrouni designed a storage device on paper tape which could be used to find the equivalent of any word in another language; a proto
英语翻译
The use of mechanical dictionaries to overcome the barriers of language was first suggested in the 17th century.However,it was not until the 20th century that the first concrete proposals were made,in patents issued independently in 1933 by George Artsrouni,a French-Armenian,and by a Russian,Petr Smirnov- Troyanskii.Artsrouni designed a storage device on paper tape which could be used to find the equivalent of any word in another language; a prototype was apparently demonstrated in 1937.The proposals by Troyanskii were in retrospect more significant.He envisioned three stages of mechanical translation:first,an editor knowing only the source language was to undertake the 'logical' analysis of words into their base forms and syntactic functions; secondly,the machine was to transform sequences of base forms and functions into equivalent sequences in the target language; finally,another editor knowing only the target language was to convert this output into the normal forms of his own language.Troyanskii envisioned both bilingual and multilingual translation.Although his patent referred only to the machine which would undertake the second stage,Troyanskii believed that "the process of logical analysis could itself be mechanized".
The use of mechanical dictionaries to overcome the barriers of language was first suggested in the 17th century.
机械词典被用于克服语言障碍的想法始于17世纪.
However,it was not until the 20th century that the first concrete proposals were made,in patents issued independently in 1933 by George Artsrouni,a French-Armenian,and by a Russian,Petr Smirnov- Troyanskii.
然而,第一个实体的设计直到20世纪才由法籍美国人George Artsrouni和俄罗斯人Petr Smirnov- Troyanskii实现,并于1933年发明并被分别授予专利.
Artsrouni designed a storage device on paper tape which could be used to find the equivalent of any word in another language;
Artsrouni设计了一个以纸带式存储设备,并将其用来寻找任意词条所对应的另一种语言解释.
a prototype was apparently demonstrated in 1937.
1937年,另一个原型被用实际证明.
The proposals by Troyanskii were in retrospect more significant.
回顾起来,这个Troyanskii的设计更具有现实意义.
He envisioned three stages of mechanical translation:
他构思了机械式翻译的三个阶段：
first,an editor knowing only the source language was to undertake the 'logical' analysis of words into their base forms and syntactic functions;
首先,一个只识别源语言的编译器将源语言词汇进行“逻辑式”的分析并被分解为词的原型和句式结构.
secondly,the machine was to transform sequences of base forms and functions into equivalent sequences in the target language;
其次,机器会按原型和句法功能将源语言序列翻译成为等价的目标语言序列.
finally,another editor knowing only the target language was to convert this output into the normal forms of his own language.
最终,另一个只识别目标语言的编译器将输出语言序列转化为该语言的正常的表达.
Troyanskii envisioned both bilingual and multilingual translation.
Troyanskii据此同时构思了双语种翻译器和多语种翻译器.
Although his patent referred only to the machine which would undertake the second stage,Troyanskii believed that "the process of logical analysis could itself be mechanized".
虽然他的专利只将翻译器进行到其构思的第二阶段,但是Troyanskii认为,“逻辑分析过程本身是可以被机械化的”.
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