下列单词的过去式和过去分词拜托各位大神
下列单词的过去式和过去分词拜托各位大神
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动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则 动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种.1)规则变化 情况例词读音与说明 动词原形过去式过去分词 一般在动词原形后加-edlook call open needlooked called opened neededlooked[lukt] called[kC:ld] opened[5EupEnd] needed[ni:did]①-ed在清辅音音素后 发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d] ②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕 后发音为[id] ③但fix的过去式和过去 分词x不双写,为fixed.以-e结尾的动词加-dmove phone hope agreemoved phoned hoped agreedmoved[mu:vd] phoned[fEund] hoped[hEupt] agreed[E5^ri:d] 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-edstudy carry trystudied studied carriedstudied[5stQdid] carried[5kArid] tried[traid] 以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-edplay enjoy stayplayed enjoyed stayedplayed[pleid] enjoyed[in5dVCid] stayed[steid] 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-edstop plan fitstopped planned fittedstopped[stCpt] planned[plAnd] fitted[5fitid] 以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-edprefer referpreferred referredpreferred[prI`f:d] referred[ri5fE:] 2)不规则变化 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况.1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形.例:原形过去式过去分词 cut(切) hit(打) cast(扔) hurt(伤害) put(放) let(让) shut(关) cost(花费) set(放) rid(清除)cut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set ridcut hit cast hurt put let shut cost set rid 2.过去式与过去分词完全同形.例:原形过去式过去分词 find(找到) pay(支付) leave(离开) lend(借出) meet(遇见) keep(保持) lose(丢失) teach(教) sit(坐) lead(引导) win(赢)除)found paid left lent met kept lost taught sat led wonfound paid left lent met kept lost taught sat led won 3.动词原形与过去分词同形 例:原形过去式过去分词 come(来) run(跑) become(成为)came ran becamecome run become 4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同.例:原形过去式过去分词 give(给) fly(飞) drink(喝) see(看见) go(去) know(知道) wear(穿) speak(说)gave flew drank saw went knew wore spokegiven flown drunk seen gone known worn spoken 5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式 例:原形过去式过去分词 burn(燃烧)burned burntburned burnt learn(学习)learned learntlearned learnt smell(闻)smelled smeltsmelled smelt spell(拼写)spelled speltspelled spelt shine(照射)shined shoneshined shone leap(跳)leaped leaptleaped leapt 提示 a.beat的过去式与原形同形:比:beat(打击)beat(过去式)beaten(过去分词) b.lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同 比:lielied,lied(说谎) lay,lain(躺,位于) c.hang有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同 比:hanghanged,hanged(处绞刑) hung,hung(挂,吊) d.welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词 比:welcomewelcomed,welcomed(正) welcome,welcome(误) e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词 比:hit(打)hit,hit(正) hitted,hitted(误) 6现在分词的变化规则 规则动词原形现在分词及发音 一般在动词原形词尾加-ing,-ing发音为[iN]go push play carrygoing[5^EuiN] pushing[5puFiN] playing[pleiiN] carrying[5kAriiN] 以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ingtake write leavetaking[5teikiN] writing[5raitiN] leaving[5li:viN] 重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该辅音字母双写,再加-ingcut stop fit begin forgetcutting[5kQtiN] stopping[5stCpiN] fitting[5fitiN] beginning[bi5^iniN]forgetting[fE5^etiN] 以ie结尾的动词,要把ie改为y,再加-inglie die tielying[5laiiN] dying[5daiiN] tying[5taiiN]