双宾语的动词

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带双宾语的动词2007-07-26 14:46及物动词不需要通过介词引进宾语.但是,当及物动词有两个宾语时,有些无须介词,有些则需要.
两个宾路都无须介词的动词包括下列这些：
① Please show me the letter.
② Can you buy me a meal?
③ I will give you the latest newsletter.
④ John has sent Betty a cheque of $1000.
在①-④这样的句子里,有个直接宾语,也有个间接宾语.前者一定是“物”、后者一定是“人”.它们之间不需要介词作桥梁.另一些双宾语的动词,就需要介词的帮助了.关于这点,可以分四方面来谈.
Ⅰ.两个宾语可通过不同介词对换位置,如：
①a.The boss entrusted him with the job.
b.The boss entrusted the job to him.
②a.He tried to impress the new idea on us.
b.He tried to impress us with the new idea.
③a.A general should inspire his soldiers with great courage.
b.A general should inspire great courage in his soldiers.
Ⅱ.不同介词,不同意思,如：
④a.Who introduced John to you?
b.Who introduced John into the new office?
⑤a.We warned him of the hazard.
b.We warned him against the hazard.
（a.指存在的危险；b.指可能的危险）
⑥a.When compared with each other,there are differences between the twins.
b.We may compare the heart to a pump.
（a.指同类人或物对比；b.指两样不同东西互相比拟）
⑦a.Helen was disappointed of the prize.
b.Helen was disappointed in the prize.（a.指没得奖而失望；b.指对所得的奖不满而失望）
⑧a.The cake is allied to the flour.
b.Is * allied with America?
（a.指两样东西有关联；b.指两个国家有联盟关系）
Ⅲ.两个宾语与介词各就各位,固定不变,如：
⑨ The police cautioned the tourists of the danger ahead.（警惕） ⑩ Can a doctor cure June of her chronic illness?（医治）
● The company has to compensate its staff for their losses.（弥补）
● No one can deprive a citizen of his human right.（剥夺）
Ⅳ.以返身代词为宾语的惯用语,如：
● I hope you will avail yourself of the golden opportunity.（利用）
● My friends often pride themselves on their rare achievements.（以……自豪）
● Jill knows how to insinuate herself into her boss's favour.（向……献媚取宠）
● We look down on those ingratiating themselves with their superiors.（讨好……）