英语翻译Building MaterialsThere are several kinds of buildings,with the most obvious distinction beingcommercial and residential.Commercial buildings vary greatly in size,type ofconstruction,number of stories,and intended use.One-story buildings oftenlook like large boxes on concrete slabs,as this provides maximum floor spaceand minimum structural frame.There are many kinds of residential buildings,varying greatly in style,grandeur,and number of individua
英语翻译
Building Materials
There are several kinds of buildings,with the most obvious distinction beingcommercial and residential.Commercial buildings vary greatly in size,type ofconstruction,number of stories,and intended use.One-story buildings oftenlook like large boxes on concrete slabs,as this provides maximum floor spaceand minimum structural frame.There are many kinds of residential buildings,varying greatly in style,grandeur,and number of individual residences ineach building.Engineers should appreciate the impact of selecting differentmaterials and different construction methods.They must also understand theimpact materials and methods have on the overall cost of a structure,and onits appearance and life expectancy.The five major building materials are concrete,reinforcing steel,structural steel,wood,and masonry.
Let us begin our discussion of the world's oldest man-made mass-produced construction material--concrete.Picture for a moment the many kinds of structures you have seen in your life built with concrete.Any such list must include highway pavements (Fig.6.1 ),sidewalks,bridge decks,traffic barriers,foundations,building frames ( Fig.6.2),building curtain walls,dams (Fig 6.3),and retaining walls.Most people could take a few minutes and double the list.The point is that concrete is a versatile,workable material with many construction applications.It is not proper to refer to a highway as a "cement pavement" or to a sidewalk as a "cement sidewalk." They are both made of concrete.Cement is one of the ingredients.Aggregate,sand,water,and perhaps additives are the others.
The earliest known use of cement to make concrete dates back to the ancient.
Romans,about 2,000 years ago.They discovered a sand or mineral on Mount.
Vesuvius that was high in silica and alumina,which they used to make cement.
建材
有几个种建筑物，最明显的区别beingcommercial和住宅。商业楼宇有很大差异，在大小，类型ofconstruction ，有多少故事，并打算使用。一楼房oftenlook一样大的方块混凝土板，因为这提供了最高楼spaceand最低的结构框架。有许多种住宅楼宇，极大地在不同的风格，宏伟，和一些个别住宅ineach建设。工程师应该明白的影响，选择differentmaterials和不同的施工方法。他们也必须明白， theimpact材料与方法，对整体成本结构，以及onits的外观和预期寿命。五个主要建筑材料混凝土，钢筋，结构钢，木材和砖石。
让我们开始讨论这个世界上最古老的人为制造的大批量生产的建设材料-混凝土。图片为一时刻，许多种结构，你们可以看到在您的生活建成混凝土。任何上述的清单，必须包括公路，行人路（图6 。 1 ） ，人行道，桥面板，交通障碍，基金会，建设框架（图6.2 ） ，建筑幕墙，水坝（图6.3 ） ，及挡土墙。大多数人可能需要几分钟的时间和双重名单。问题是，混凝土是一种多功能，可行的材料，许多建筑的申请。这是不正确的指公路，作为一个“水泥路面” ，或人行道上作为一个“水泥人行道” 。他们都是作出了具体的。水泥就是其中的成分。骨料，砂，水和添加剂的，也许是别人。
已知最早使用水泥，使混凝土可以追溯到古代。
罗马，约在两千多年前。他们发现了沙子或矿物对山。
维苏威火山，这是高在二氧化硅和氧化铝，它们可用来制造水泥。
你的文章里有很多错的地方,我帮你修改一下,建材筑物分为几种不同类型,商业及住宅最明显的区别在于：商业楼宇有很大差异在尺寸和建筑的类型,有多少层,并使用目的.一栋楼房,往往像是用混凝土和砖堆大箱子,因为这提供了...