The witness who appeared in court ____ to speak out the truth instead of covering it up．A．encouraged B．has been encouraging C．was encouraging D．had been encouraged为什么选D I am wondering ____ he expects will win the gold medal in Men’s Single．A．whom B．who C．which D．what 选B不选A,为什么．—Do you regret paying twenty dollars for the dictionary?—No．I ____ twice as much for it．A．gladly paid B．should gladly pay C．would gladly have paid D．had gladly paid选C

1.appeared已经为过去时，而encourage的动作出现在appeare之前，所以为过去完成时

1.首先要判断出属于被动，证人被鼓励，其次整个句子暗示发生在过去，所以为过去完成，再加上是被动，所以选D。
2.he expects是插入语，who真正引导的成分是will win the gold medal in Men's Single.
3.虚拟语气，强调说话人的意愿，愿望。并非事实。

1.从句中有过去式,按意思应该是他先辈鼓励在去的法庭,主句的动作在从句之前,是过去的过去,所以用过去完成时
2.who作will win the gold medal 的主语.he expects 是插入语可以省略不看
3would have done和should have done 类似 原本应该做而没有

encourage是vt.(及物动词)后面要跟n.（名词）
句子的主句：The witness ____ to speak out the truth instead of covering it up．
及物动词后没有名次只能是被动。所以选D
第2句是宾语从句who做he expects的宾语，做will win the gold medal in Men’s Single． whom就不能做主语了。所以选B
第三句：will有愿意的意思。例如词组“be willing to do”
所以句子的意思就是我宁愿用两倍的价格买它。 所以选C