英语翻译纵观市场营销百年历程,各种变化和进步历历在目,从上世纪60年代的4P组合,即：产品(Product)、地点(place)、价格(Price)、促销(promotion),到80年代以消费者为主体的4C组合,即：顾客(Customer)、成本(Cost)、方便(Convenient)、沟通(Communication),再到本世纪初的4R组合,即关联(Relativity)、反应(Reaction)、关系(Relation)、回报(Retribution),企业营销战略由企业自身为中心转移到以消费者需求和忠诚为中心,面对这样一种已存的形势,为了赢得消费者市场,企业有必要且必须加强对消费者的研究,把握住了消费者就等于掌控了市场.

Throughout the 100 years history of marketing and sales,all kinds of changes and progress are close at hand,from the 4P combination in 1960s,which include product ,place,price and promotion,to the 4C combination in which consumers are the main body ,they are:customer ,cost ,convenience and communication ,and then to the 4R combination in the beginning of this century ,that is relativity,reaction ,relation,and Retribution,marketing strategy has changed from taking the enterprises themselves as the center to making focus on consumers` demand and loyalty.Facing such a situation,it is necessary and essential for enterprises to strengthen their research on consumer to win the consumer market,the consumer is the key to seize control of the market.