Could you give me some apples还是any apples?是不是只有would才能加some?Could 可以不?can呢?

完全没有关系。。。。当然可以啊，，只是委婉一点could～～～当然是some

Some apples 用在Would you like后表示希望得到肯定回答

这句当中应该用some,详解如下:
some和any用法
1、some属于肯定词,主要用于肯定句中.
①当说话人期待肯定回答或者有意图鼓励说话人作肯定回答时,some可用于疑问句.
Could I have some more bread,please?我多拿一些面包可以吗?
Would you like some more soup?你还要点汤吗?
②some 与单数可数名词搭配,表示未知的人或物,相当于a(an) 或a certain.
There must be some job I could do.肯定有我能做的事情.
Some book on this topic was published last year.去年出版了有关这主题方面的书.
注意：some + 可数名词复数中的“some”作“一些”解.
③some用在基数词和few之前,是副词,表示“大概”或“大约”的意思,等于about.
例：There were some 40 or 50 people there.那里大约有40或50人.
2、any属于非肯定词,主要用于否定句、疑问句或条件句.
any常与形容词比较级等词相配副词
any与可数搭配,表示every的含义.Is she any better?她好点了吗?
注意：当any用在肯定句中,表示“任何一个”
He is taller than any other boy in his class.他比班上其他任何一个人都高.