结合句子分析with的用法

with[wIT] prep.1.与…(在)一起,带着：Come with me.跟我一起来吧./ I went on holiday with my friend.我跟我朋友一起去度假./ Do you want to walk home with me?你愿意和我一道走回家吗 2.(表带有或拥有)有…的,持有,随身带着：I have no money with me.我没有带钱./ He is a man with a hot temper.他是一个脾气暴躁的人./ We bought a house with a garden.我们买了一座带花园的房子./ China is a very large country with a long history.中国是一个具有历史悠久的大国.3.(表方式、手段或工具)以,用：He caught the ball with his left hand.他用左手接球./ She wrote the letter with a pencil.她用铅笔写那封信.4.(表材料或内容)以,用：Fill the glass with wine.把杯子装满酒./ The road is paved with stones.这条路用石头铺砌.5.(表状态)在…的情况下,…地：He can read French with ease.他能轻易地读法文./ I finished my homework though with difficulty.虽然有困难,我还是做完了功课.6.(表让步)尽管,虽然：With all his money,he is unhappy.尽管他有钱,他并不快乐./ With all his efforts,he lost the match.虽然尽了全力,他还是输了那场比赛.7.(表条件)若是,如果：With your permission,I’ll go.如蒙你同意我就去.8.(表原因或理由)因为,由于：He is tired with work.他工作做累了./ At the news we all jumped with joy.听到这消息我们都高兴得跳了起来.9.(表时间)当…的时候,在…之后：With that remark,he left.他说了那话就离开了./ With daylight I hurried there to see what had happened.天一亮我就去那儿看发生了什么事.10.(表同时或随同)与…一起,随着：The girl seemed to be growing prettier with each day.那女孩好像长得一天比一天漂亮.11.(表伴随或附带情况)同时：I slept with the window open.我开着窗户睡觉./ Don’t speak with your mouth full.不要满嘴巴食物说话.12.赞成,同意：I am with you there.在那点上我同你意见一致.13.由…照看,交…管理,把…放在某处：I left a message for you with your secretary.我给你留了个信儿交给你的秘书了./ The keys are with reception.钥匙放在接待处.14 (表连同或包含)连用,包含：The meal with wine came to ￡8 each.那顿饭连酒每人8英镑./ With preparation and marking a teacher works 12 hours a day.一位老师连备课带批改作业每天工作12小时.15.(表对象或关系)对,关于,就…而言,对…来说：He is pleased with his new house.他对他的新房子很满意./ The teacher was very angry with him.老师对他很生气./ It’s the same with us students.我们学生也是这样.16.(表对立或敌对)跟,以…为对手：The dog was fighting with the cat.狗在同猫打架./ He’s always arguing with his brother.他老是跟他弟弟争论.17.(在祈使句中与副词连用)：Away with him!带他走!/ Off with your clothes!脱掉衣服!/ Down with your money!交出钱来!
【用法】1.表示方式、手段或工具等时(=以,用),注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错搭配,如“用英语”习惯上用in English,而不是with English.2.与某些抽象名词连用时,其作用相当于一个副词：with care=carefully 认真地 / with kindness=kindly 亲切地 / with joy=joyfully 高兴地 / with anger=angrily 生气地 / with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲伤地 / with ease=easily 容易地 / with delight=delightedly 高兴地 / with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地 3.表示条件时,根据情况可与虚拟语气连用：With more money I would be able to buy it.要是钱多一点,我就买得起了./ With better equipment,we could have finished the job even sooner.要是设备好些,我们完成这项工作还要快些.4.比较with和as：两者均可表示“随着”,但前者是介词,后者是连词：He will improve as he grows older.随着年龄的增长,他会进步的./ People’s ideas change with the change of the times.时代变了,人们的观念也会变化.5.介词with和to均可表示“对”,但各自的搭配不同,注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错,如在kind,polite,rude,good,married等形容词后通常不接介词with而接to.6.复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构,它在句中主要用作状语,表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等；其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等：I went out with the windows open.我外出时没有关窗户./ He stood before his teacher with his head down.他低着头站在老师面前./ He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.他和衣躺在床上./ He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.他去世时,女儿还是个小学生./ The old man sat there with a basket beside her.老人坐在那儿,身边放着一个篮子./ He fell asleep with the lamp burning.他没熄灯就睡着了./ He sat there with his eyes closed.他闭目坐在那儿./ I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了.这类结构也常用于名词后作定语：The boy with nothing on is her son.没穿衣服的这个男孩子是她儿子.
（摘自《英语常用词多用途词典》金盾出版社）