及物动词短语(如lead to等)都没有被动语态吗?

问题描述:

及物动词短语(如lead to等)都没有被动语态吗?
语法书上说lead to没有被动语态,所以我想问一下,是所有的及物动词短语都没有被动语态,还是个别的几个没有

这个知识点比较困难的地方在于lead本身既可以做不及物动词,又可以做及物动词.
及物动词 vt.
1.引导;领(路)[O]
She led me into the drawing-room.
她带我进入客厅.
2.走在(队伍等)的最前头
The military band led the parade.
军乐队走在游行队伍的前面.
3.领导;指挥;率领
They will let the young man lead the fight.
他们将让这位年轻人领导这一仗.
不及物动词 vi.
1.领路
You lead and we'll follow.
你领路,我们跟着.
2.通向,导致[Q]
That door leads into the garden.
那扇门通向花园.
3.领导
He has a desire to lead.
他有领袖欲.
我认为的知识关键点:动词短语的及物性与不及物性主要取决于动词短语的意思.
如果及物,肯定可以用被动语态,如果不及物,就不能用被动语态.
动词短语既可以做及物用法,也可以做不及物用法,如下:
1)动词短语作及物动词,
例:He brought up his children strictly.
2)动词短语作不及物动词,
例:Something unexpected has turned up. 出现了令人意外的情况.(turn up=appear)
3)动词短语既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词,
例:The barrel of gunpowder blew up.(不及物)火药桶爆炸了.
The soldiers blew up the bridge.(及物)士兵们把桥炸毁了.
lead to是属于及物动词短语,但是属于特例,不能用被动语态.
All roads lead to Rome.
Hard work leads to success.
以上都不可以用被动.
但是我们知道有个用法是:lead sb.to do “引导,怂恿...某人做什么”,这个时候,是可以用被动语态的.
比如:
Salesmen do their best to lead people to buy things they do not need .
生意人尽力怂恿人们买他们并不需要的东西.
I'm led to do that thing by him.我是在他的怂恿下才做那件事的.
(这里的be led to,其实是lead sb to do sth的被动,并非lead to 短语的被动)
另外,再给你补充些不及物的动词短语,他们都不能用被动语态.
1.break down (stop functioning 坏了,不好使了)
That old Jeep had a tendency to break down just when I needed it the most.
2.catch on (become popular 出名)
Popular songs seem to catch on in California first and then spread eastward.
3.come back ( return to a place 返回)
Father promised that we would never come back to this horrible place.
4.come in ( Enter进入)
They tried to come in through the back door,but it was locked.
5.come to ( regain consciousness恢复意识)
He was hit on the head very hard,but after several minutes,he started to come to again.
6.come over (to visit访问)
The children promised to come over,but they never do.
7.drop by (visit without appointment 顺便拜访)
We used to just drop by,but they were never home,so we stopped doing that.
8.eat out (dine in a restaurant 外出吃饭)
When we visited Paris,we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes.