什么是复合宾语结构

问题描述:

什么是复合宾语结构

例如: 1. We call him Jack . (我们叫他杰克) 2. They made himetheir monitor . ( 他们选他当班长)
二、宾语/代宾+形容词:常见的动词有:think , believe , leave , drive , make , keep , turn , wish , want等.例如: 1. Do you think his idea wrong ? ( 你认为他的意见错了吗?) 2. We must keep our classroom clean . ( 我们必须保持教室清洁)
三、宾语/代宾+副词:副词作宾补常表示宾语的状态,与宾语有逻辑上的主表关系.常见的副词有:down , up , here , there , home , in , out , anywhere等.例如:1. Let him in (out) . 让他进来(出去). 2. Mr . Li drove us home . 李先生开车送我们回家. 3. Have you seen him anywhere ? 你有没有在什么地方见过他?
四、宾语+介短:介短作宾补常表示其逻辑主语(即宾语)所处的状态,有主表关系.例如: 1. We found everything in good order . 我们发现一切井然有序. 2. I’ll leave a message on his desk . 我将留个条子在他桌上. 3. We have him as our good friend . 我们把他视为好朋友.
五、宾语+不定式:充当宾补的不定式有三种. 1. 要求带to的不定式作宾补的动词有:ask , tell , like , want , know , invite等.例如: A:We invited him to come to our school . 我们邀请他来我们学校. B:He asked me to help him . 他要我去帮助他.
2. 要求不带to的不定式作宾补的动词有:see , watch , notice , look at , hear , listen to , feel , let , make , have等,这些词称为“感觉动词和使役动词”.例如: A:I often hear him read English in his room . 我常听见他在房间里读英语. B:Xiao Ming made the little boy laugh . 小明使得那个男孩笑了起来.
3. 动词help后作宾补的不定式,带不带to都可以.
She sometimes helps her mother (to) wash clothes . 她有时帮她妈妈洗衣服.
六、宾语+现在分词:现在分词作宾补,此时在该句型中的宾语即为该分词逻辑上的主语.常带现在分词作宾补的动词是“感觉动词”和表示“致使”意义的动词.感觉动词后接不带to的不定式作宾补时,表示不定式的动作发生了,一般指事情的全过程;现在分词作宾补则表示动作正在进行.例如: 1. I saw them playing football . 我看见他们正在踢足球. 2. The news made him cry . 这消息使他哭了.
七、宾语+过去分词:该结构中的宾语即为该过去分词逻辑上的宾语.例如: 1. I had my bike stolen . 我的自行车被偷了. 2. I saw the ground covered with snow . 我看到地上覆盖着雪.
注:A:使役动词have,make的宾语后接过分为宾补时表示被动,接动原形则表示主动.例如: 1. I’ll have my watch mended . 我要去把手表修理一下.(请别人修不是自己修) 2. I’ll have him mend my bike . 我要他给我修理一下自行车.(H和M间为主动关系) B:get , want , wish的宾语后接过分为宾补时为被动关系;接带to的不定式时为主动关系.例如:1、 I want (wish) you to finish it by Thursday . 我要你在星期四前完成它. 2、I want it finished by Thursday . 我要此事在星期四前完成.
C:感官动词see , hear , watch等的宾语后接过分为被动,接动词原形或现分词时为主动.例如:1、 I saw him beating (beat) the boy . 我看见他在打那个男孩. 2、I saw the boy beaten by him . 我看见那个男孩被他打了.
八、形式宾语+形容词:
We found it impossible to get there before Sunday . 我们发现在星期天前到达那儿是不可能的.(it为形式宾语,to get there ……为动词不定式作实际宾语,impossible为宾补.) 九、宾语+what从句: