Similar paterns are found in many countries. The United Kingdom, Spain and Italy have long had worker cooperatives which
问题描述：
Similar paterns are found in many countries. The United Kingdom, Spain and Italy have long had worker cooperatives which own companies.
这句话是一篇文章中的一句,文章是讲员工持股的企业经营模式.
文章下面给的翻译是“在许多国家也可以发现类似的情形,英国,西班牙及意大利早就存在拥有公司股权的‘员工合作社’”.
请问,句中的have long had worker cooperatives怎么理解?谢谢.
答
have had是谓语,用完成时,表述过去对现在有影响的事件
long是时间副词,意思是很早；副词的原则是放在助动词后面,实意动词前面
worker cooperatives这里最好是workers' cooperatives直译为工人的集体企业；牛津理由这样的例子“The bicycle factory is now a workers' co-operative.这家自行车制造厂现在是工人的集体企业.”这个词组在这里是宾语,按照楼主的翻译应译为“员工合作社”.