请帮我解释一下句子里被动语态的用法,The world peppered with languages spoken by a few people.The world peppered with languages spoken by a few people.这个spoken在句子中是什么成分?什么情况下可以这样用!

当然是修饰languages了， 做定语的。
所要修饰的词是被执行的对象时。

此句可还原为：A few people speak languages which the world peppered.应该是这样的吧，因为可以看出主语是许多人，宾语则只能是语言了，即这个spoken就是speak谓语动词的被动语态．
The world peppered with languages spoken by a few people.这句话本身应该不是被动句拉，所以只能说spoken是被动语态的形式了,spoken by a few people作定语修饰languages.

先分析下这句话的结构：
The world 是主语；peppered with 是谓语动词,且是过去时；languages spoken by a few people 可以说整个都是宾语,但其中spoken by a few people 是做languages的定语.
原句可以还原成：The world peppered with languages that is spoken by a few people.后面就是一个定语从句了.因为speak ,即定语从句中的谓语动词和先行词language的关系是动宾关系,即speak languages,所以从定语从句变为短语时,采用被动,即languages spoken by a few people.
注意,如果先行词和从句中的谓语动词是主动关系,变为短语是采用主动.