高二下学期新世纪版英语第二课课文

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Tips on making a public speech
It is interesting to note that speeches are always”given” or “delivered”. They are never”said”.When giving a speech, therefore, it is useful to think of yourself as playing a part, i.e. acting. This kind of acting calls for an integration of verbal and nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication chiefly involves the speaker’s stance and gesture, the eye contact between the speaker and the audience, and a good control of the presentation speed of talking/speaking.
Stance
This is important to the delivery of a good speech. Stand up straight and keep your head up. Dropping your head looks unprofessional and may prevent your audience from hearing you clearly. On the other hand, don’t stand like a guard on duty. You have to be able to move in a natural way in order to add expression to your words. Body language”says” a lot. Avoid holding your hands tightly together; this will interfere with free and natural movement. Don’t play with keys or coins in your pocket; this will distract your audience.
Gestures
Gestures and facial expressions are both important aids to the spoken word when you are communicating. A dull, long speech delivered without expression, without gestures or eye contact will not be well received. The skill is in deciding how much gesturing to be employed and in making sure that your gestures are natural.
In general, the lager the audience, the more expansive the gestures should be, because they will not be seen so clearly by the audience, in a small group, facial expressions will add a lot to understanding. Try telling somebody something funny with a very serious face. They will have difficulty believing what you are really saying is funny.
Different gestures are supposed to be used in delivering a speech. Some people use their hands a lot when speaking. You must make sure that your gestures are not repeated too often, and they should be expressive and meaningful.
Eye contact
To have maximum impact you need to make each member of your audience feel as if you were speaking to them personally. To do this, glance towards all sections of the audience and don’t be afraid to move your head. If you favour one direction, the other side may feel you are ignoring them and therefore lose interesting in what you are saying,
Timing
Accurate timing is essential. You should ensure that you don’t fall short of or run over the time allowed for your speech. Either way, the audience will feel unhappy and lose concentration on your speech. The best way to overcome this is through preparation. Clear thinking about what you want to say and how long your speech will last, before you start to write it, will save a lot of time. When practicing, make sure that you speak at the correct speed and do time yourself.