英语的修饰词位置有什么习惯么?

英语的修饰词位置有什么习惯么?
Talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvent much of fictional enterprise.里面的instruments of ideology能不能换做 ideological instruments?换了有什么意义差别?为什么有的时候就可以是：名词+of+名词比如:the realm of literature 大多时候就是 形容词+名词这样修饰?
successfully alters the approach (which is)taken by most previous studies.中taken by...是过去分词短语做状语修饰宾语approach还是一个省略了which的宾语从句呢?有时候我会分不开!
1.例如：Talking about novels and stories primarily as ideological instruments circumvents much of fictional enterprise.
2.或者我这样表达：Primarily as instruments of ideology to talking about novels and stories circumvents much of fictional enterprise.
3.或者：To talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of fictional enterprise.
三种表达对否？
我想修正下：是否是一个省略了（which is）的定语从句呢？
These structures are thematic,and they spring from the central fact that the Black characters in these novels exist in a predominantly white culture.里面先行词fact在that引导的定语从句里做什么成分啊？从句里面主谓宾都有啊！
Looking at novels written by Black over the last eighty years,he discovers recurring concerns and designs independent of chronology.里面第二段he discovers ...主谓宾怎么分啊？