Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century.

Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century.
1.Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always in the heart of a town. This street was 2.lined on both sides with many 3.various. businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, and groceries. 4.In addition, some shops offered 5.services. These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops.
6.But in the 1950s, a change began to 7.take place .Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street 8.while too few parking places were 9.available to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 10.outside the city limits. Open space is what their car driving customers needed. And open space is what they got 11.when the first shopping center was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls, 12.started as a collection of small new stores 13.away from crowded city centers. 14.Attracted by hundreds of free parking places, customers were drawn away from 15.downtown areas to outlying malls. And the growing 16.popularity of shopping centers led 17.in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores.
18.By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 19.convenience of one-step shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, 20.with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.

1. A. As early as B.Early C.Early as D.Earlier
2. A.built B.designed C.intented D.lined
3. A.varied B.various C.sorted D.mixed up
4. A. Apart from B.However C.In addition D. As well
5. A.medical care B.food C.cosmetics D.services
6. A.suddenly B. Abruptly C. Contrarily D. But
7. A.be taking place B.take place C.be taken place D.have taken place
8. A.while B.yet C.though D.and then
9. A.available for B.available to C.used by D.ready for
10. A.over B.from C.out of D.outside
11. A.when B.while C.since D.then
12. A.started B.founded C.set up D.organized
13. A.out of B.away from C.next to D.near
14. A. Attracted B.Surprised C. Delighted D.Enjoyed
15. A.inner B.central C.shopping D.downtown
16. A.distinction B.fame C.popularity D.liking
17. A.on B.in turn C.by turns D.further
18. A. By B. During C.In D.Towards
19. A.cheapness B.readiness C.convenience D.handiness
20. A.because of B.and C.with D.provided
答案解析：
1.【答案】B
【解析】as early as 的意思为“同……一样早”, early 是副词,“早期”的意思,earlier
是比较级“较早”的意思.
2.【答案】D
【解析】本句的意思是“街道的两旁排列着很多各种各样的商店”,build 的意思是“建造,
修建”,design 的意思是“设计”,intend“意思是“打算”,line 是“沿……排列”的意思.
3.【答案】B
【解析】varied 是“变化多端”的意思,various 为“各种各样的”,sorted 意为“分类的”,mixed up 意为“困惑的,迷惘的,不适应社会的”.本句意为“各种各样的商店”.
4.【答案】C
【解析】本句的意思是“除了各种各样的商店销售各种各样的商品之外,有些商店还提供服
务”,apart from 意为“除此之外”,后必须接名词或动名词,however 是连词“然而”的意
思,in addition 可单独使用,意为“除此之外”,as well 用在句末.
5.【答案】D
【解析】medical care 意为“医疗护理”.food 是“食物”,cosmetic 是“化妆品”,service是“服务”,根据上题意思,service 一词放在这里最合适.
6.【答案】D
【解析】本句的意思是“在五十年代,情况发生了变化”,有转折的意思.suddenly 和abruptly
都是“突然”的意思,contrarily 指“相反地”,but 是“但是”的意思,表转折.
7.【答案】B
【解析】take place 只有主动语态,故可排除C,而begin to 后应接动词不定式,只有take
place“发生”可用.
8.【答案】A
【解析】此句中太多的汽车和太少的停车场有相对比较的意思,while 是连词,有“而,却”
的意思,表比较.yet“然而”,表转折,though“尽管,虽然”,表让步.
9.【答案】B
【解析】be available to sb.为固定搭配,意为“对某人来说可用的,可得到的”,本句意
为“顾客可用的停车场地”,故选B.
10.【答案】D
【解析】本句意为“商人们开始对城市界限以外的开阔地感兴趣”,out of 表示“……的外
面”而outside 指“超过某一个界限,范围等”.
11.【答案】A
【解析】这里是一个时间状语从句.因此用when(在……时候).while 指“在……期间”；
since 表示“自从”,主句一般用完成时.
12.【答案】A
【解析】本句的意思是“购物中心是从聚集一些小的店铺开始的”,只有started as 有此意.
13.【答案】B
【解析】本句意为“远离拥挤的市中心”, out of 指“在……之外”,away from 表示距离,
“远离”,next to 指“靠近,下一个”,near 是“近”的意思.
14.【答案】A
【解析】本句意为“被……所吸引”,surprise 意为“使……惊奇”,delight 意为“使……
喜悦”,enjoy 意为“欣赏,喜爱”.
15.【答案】D
【解析】本句意为“顾客从市区被吸引到城市以外的商业中心”,只有downtown“市区”符
合此意.
16.【答案】C
【解析】本句意为“这些购物中心越来越大的名气反过来导致了更大,设备更好的商店的建
成”.distinction 声望；fame 卓越,好名声；popularity 名气很大,知名度很高；liking
喜爱,喜好.故选C.
17.【答案】B
【解析】根据上题解释,in turn 应为“依次”的意思,引申为“反过来”.
18.【答案】A
【解析】在这四个选项中,只有by 所组成的时间状语与完成时连用,意为“到……为止”,
其他三个选项均被排除.
19.【答案】C
【解析】这里convenience 与providing 组成短语“提供方便,便利”,符合上下文义.
20.【答案】C
【解析】介词with 在这里的意思是“带有”,本句意为“商业街被变成了带有长椅、喷泉及
户外娱乐的风景优美的公园”

【翻译】
20世纪最后二十五年,美国人的消费习惯有了巨大改变.
20世纪早期,大部分美国城镇和都市中都有一条主要的大街.这条主干道经常位于市中心.它的两侧排列着各种各样的商店.在这儿,购物者走进商店就能看到所有的商品：衣服,家具,五金器皿和杂货.此外,有些服务性商店.其中包括药房、饭店、修鞋店以及理发或美发店.
但在20世纪五十年代,情况开始发生改变.太多的汽车蜂拥到主干道,而可供购物者使用的停车场地又太少.由于街道拥挤,商家开始对城市边界以外的开阔场地感兴趣.开阔的场地是驾车购物的顾客所需要的.并且当第一家购物中心建成时他们也获得了开阔的场地.购物中心,更确切的说是大商场,最初都是一个由很多远离拥挤的市中心的小型新商店的集合体.顾客们被上千个免费停车位吸引着,从市中心来到了郊区的大商场.购物中心越来越流行,也带动了更大更好的储藏仓库的建立.
到了20世纪七十年代,很多大的购物商场几乎都以自己为中心发展成了小型城市.除此之外,为了方便顾客进行一站式购物,很多大商场都被改造成了拥有长凳、喷泉和户外娱乐设施的景观公园.