英语中名词+动词过去分词是个什么语法结构?

问题描述:

英语中名词+动词过去分词是个什么语法结构?
比方说
there is a dog hidden behind the tree.

动词的分词形式(现在分词、过去分词)都有形容词性,故可以作定语修饰名词,分词为单词时一般放在被修饰的名词之前,如果是分词短语则放在之后:
runnihg water
boiling water
boiled water
wore clothes
………………
有一只狗(被)藏在那树后.过去分词短语 hidden in the tree 修饰 a dog
这句相当于用定语从句:
There is a dog which (that) is hidden behind the tree.
类似的有:
There is a boy standing over there.现在分词短语 standing over there修饰 a boy
相当于:
There is a boy who is standing over there.
可以看到,巧妙地使用分词(短语)可以让句子简练.