but these has not had any effect

问题描述:

but these has not had any effect
Jasper has put up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate,but these have not had any effect.在这句话中,为什么前后都是完成时?后半句not had any 这个怎么理解?为什么还有一个had?

楼主的第一个问题:一个句子前后是可以使用同一个时态的,这表示前后两个动作同时发生或者可以没有时间的分别.
第二个问题:
1.首先要清楚,have的时态,现在时:have.过去分词:had.
2.现在完成时的表示:表肯定:has/have+动词过去分词 表否定:has/have+not +动词过去分词
3.句中have not had 是现在完成时.其实后半句有一个词组:have an/any effect (on)意思是有影响.”but these have not had any effect“中的“had"就是have an/any effect on中的have,只不过用了过去分词形式,也就是 have not had any effect它的结构其实就是:have+not+had any effect(现在完成时的否定)
所以楼主不能单单拆下“not had any "来分析.
例句:Smoking has had a bad effect on health (我自己造句的,希望楼楼别介意,\(≧▽≦)/~)
意思是:吸烟对健康有着不良影响(就是我们常说的:吸烟有害健康)