on ,in 表交通工具,怎么区别?

问题描述:

on ,in 表交通工具,怎么区别?

on a bus/train/plane/ship
in a car

词by,in和on都可以与有关交通工具名词搭配,表示交通方式,如:
He usually goes to work by train.他通常乘火车去上班.
His sister will go to school on a bus(in a bus).她妹妹将乘公共汽车去上学.
初学者往往掌握不好这三个词的用法,现请记下列口诀:
in,on,by用交通①,限定,复数用in,on②,
无限无复要用by③,by可用于海陆空④,
骑马骑车惯用on⑤,名前钟点用by,on⑥.
①为开头语.
②当交通工具前有限定词(冠词和物主代等)时,介词可用“on”,也可用“in”,但不可用“by”,如:
1)She’ll go to Beijing on(in) a plane.(有限定词)她将乘飞机去北京.
2)Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.(in which=in the canoes)(复数)附近有两只他们来这个岛乘坐的独木船.
③当表示交通工具的名词前没有限定词,而且此名词又不是复数形式时,介词用“by”:
Leonov got to the moon by spaceship.列昂诺夫是乘宇宙飞船登上月球的.
④介词by和一些与交通有关的名词连用,表示交通方式.此时,既不能在名词前加限定词,也不能把名词改为复数形式.再者,介词by也不可以改用in或on.如:
1)I’m going there by sea.我乘船去.
2)He came to Shanghai by water.他是乘船到上海的.
3)They’ll go there by land.他们将从陆路去那儿.
4)He has returned to Beijing by air.他已乘飞机返回北京.
5)My brother goes to school by bike.我哥哥骑自行车去上学.
⑤on horsebact(骑马)是固定搭配,“on”不能改为in或by.既不能在horseback前加限定词,也不能把horseback改为复数形式.如:
He saw two men on horseback.他看到了两个骑马的人.
另外,on与限定词加 bike连用时,不能改为in或by,如:
They go to work on their bikes.他们是骑自行车上班的.
⑥如果表示交通工具的名词前有具体的钟点时间修饰时,介词用“by”或“on”.如:
I’ll go on(by)the 9 o’clock train.我将乘九点钟的火车去.