几道英语化学题!1.how are the atomic numbers and the atomic masses of the elements related to how the elements are arranged on the periodic table?2.how does the number of electrons relate to the arrangement what is the different in the number of electrons in a 3rd period element and the 2nd period element above it?3.do some elements next to each other have the same number of neutrons?how is that possible?4.how are the colors arranged,and what coclusions can b
几道英语化学题!
1.how are the atomic numbers and the atomic masses of the elements related to how the elements are arranged on the periodic table?
2.how does the number of electrons relate to the arrangement what is the different in the number of electrons in a 3rd period element and the 2nd period element above it?
3.do some elements next to each other have the same number of neutrons?how is that possible?
4.how are the colors arranged,and what coclusions can be drawn from this arrangement?
thank!
1.请解释原子序数和原子量之间的关系,并说出元素在周期表中是怎么排列的?
原子序数=核电荷数=核外电子数=质子数（在没有形成离子的情况下）；
原子量,即原子的质量.科学家规定以一个碳原子（指碳－12）重量的十二分之一为标准,其他的原子重量同这标准相对照得出相对重量,称为这个原子的原子量.
周期表中元素是以元素的原子序数排列,最小的排行最先.表中一横行称为一个周期,一纵列称为一个族,最后有两个系.
2.电子数跟元素在周期表中的排列有什么关系?第三周期与第二周期的元素在电子数上有什么区别?
电子数等于原子序数.
周期表中一个纵行称为族,族是原子内部外电子层构型的反映.主族元素的最外层电子数从左到右依次增大,从上到下（也就是同一族的元素）最外层电子数相同.
3.是否存在相邻的原素有着相同的中子数?为什么?
中子数只能近似算,中子数=质量数-质子数,质量数等于相对原子质量,质子数等于原子序数,因为同位素的存在也许存在相邻的元素有相同的中子数
4.周期表总颜色是怎么排列的?从中我们可以得出什么结论?
不同元素周期表用颜色区分的内容不同.最普通的是区分金属和非金属（可能稀有气体还用令一种颜色区分）,专业一些的区分的是周期表中的区域（分为s、d、ds、p区,是按电子填充规律划分的）.