by the time 特殊用法一般情况下.是从句用过去时,主句用过去完成时came,had started或从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时或将来完成时By the time the Olympic Games start,we will have finished/ finish the construction这个我明白..可我的这个句子应该怎么解释呢.By the time california elected to become the thirty _first federal state of the USA in 1850,it was already a multicultural society.
问题描述：
by the time 特殊用法
一般情况下.是从句用过去时,主句用过去完成时
came,had started
或
从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时或将来完成时
By the time the Olympic Games start,we will have finished/ finish the construction
这个我明白..
可我的这个句子应该怎么解释呢.
By the time california elected to become the thirty _first federal state of the USA in 1850,it was already a multicultural society.
答
前半句语法上就有错误吧？是不是少了个was?
答
前半句少谓语,By the time California was elected to ...society.其实这个句子有两种理解方式,有人认为 by the time在此相当于一个连词,引导时间状语从句,还有人认为by the time就是一个介宾短语,was elected...是省略了引导词 that（代替when）的定语从句.我比较倾向于后者,按一般规则讲,“by the time...+主句”中,从句用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时,但这种情况下主句谓语动词 多为行为动词,但是像be动词这样的表示状态的动词时可以用 一般过去时的.这个用法与“It was+时间段+since从句（一般过去时）”的用法一样.主句谓语be用一般过去时.