hard 和hardly的副词用法区别

hard可充当形容词和副词两种角色.用作形容词有“硬的”,“困难的、艰难的”的意思.其中用作“难的”讲时,在口语中与difficult通用.不过,hard一般指精神上,肉体上“困难”,比difficult语气强,而difficult指智力上“困难的”.
【情景例句】
The bed was so hard that it took me a long time to fall asleep.床太硬了,我躺了好一会儿才睡着.
The problem is too hard,I can't work it out.这个问题太难了,我算不出来.
hard也用副词,意为“努力地、刻苦地”,“猛烈地”,注意不要把hardly当作“努力地、刻苦地”来用.hard用作“猛烈地”讲时,同heavily相同.
【情景例句】
He works hard only before exams.他只在考试前努力学习.
It is raining hard outside.You can't go out.外面正下着大雨.你不能出去.
hardly只用作副词,其词义不要与hard(adv.)相混淆.其意思是“几乎不”、“仅仅”、“才”,表示否定概念,常和any连用.hardly any相当于almost no(not).hardly是具有否定意味的词,它不能再与其它否定词一起连用,在由它构成的反意疑问句中,尾句的疑问式须用肯定式.
【情景例句】
Hardly anybody(Almost nobody) came to the meeting.几乎没有人来开会.
He can hardly speak English,can he?他不太会说英语,对吧?
最后还得再提醒你一下,hard与hardly用作副词时,词义可是有很大差别哟.
【情景例句】
He works hard.他努力工作.
He hardly works.他几乎不工作.