it 做形式宾语通常用于哪些动词后,其后跟那些词作宾补,真正的宾语由哪些形式充当

问题描述:

it 做形式宾语通常用于哪些动词后,其后跟那些词作宾补,真正的宾语由哪些形式充当

ut supra

it作形式宾语:
  it作形式宾语时,可以代替三种形式:
  不定式、动名词和宾语从句.
  it作形式宾语时,需具备两个条件:
  ① 真正的宾语是不定式、动名词或从句
  ② 有宾语补足语
  具备了这两个条件,形式宾语it一定要用.
  ⒈ it代替不定式短语
  think/ find/ feel/ consider/ make/ regard…+ it +形容词/名词 + 不定式短语
  如:
  ①I find it pleasant to work with him.
  (it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to work with him)
  我觉得和他一起工作很愉快.
  ②They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.
  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to finish the work in such a short time)
  他们认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是困难的.
  ③She thinks it her duty to help us.
  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to help us)
  她觉得帮助我们是她的责任.
④I think it my honor to be invited to speak here.
  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to be invited to speak here)
  我觉得应邀在这儿演讲是我的荣耀.
  ⑤Tom didn’t find it difficult to write letters in Chinese.
  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to write letters in Chinese)
  汤姆发现用汉语写信不难.
  ⑥All these noises made it impossible for me to go on with the work.
  ( it 作形式宾语,代替不定式短语to go on with the work)
  这些噪音使我无法继续工作.
  ⒉ it代替动名词短语( 这只限于少数句型,在多数情况下用不定式时更多一些)
  如:
  ①The professor considers it no good reading without understanding.
  这位教授认为阅读而不理解没有益处.
  ②Do you consider it any good trying again?
  你觉得再试会有好处吗?
  ③He found it useless( no use) arguing with him.
  他发现和他辩论没有用.
  ④He thought it absolutely senseless attempting the impossible.
  想做不可能的事情,他认为是完全没道理的.
⑤I don’t think it worthwhile going to such a place.
  到这样一个地方去我看是不值得的.
  ⒊ it代替宾语从句:
  如:
  ①We all thought it a pity that the conference should have been cancelled.
  会议取消了我们都感到很遗憾.
  ②I took it for granted that they were not coming.
  我想他们准是不会来的了.
  ③I’ll see to it that everything is ready in time.
  我负责使一切都按时准备好.