英语的疑问句怎样构成

一、一般疑问句
一般疑问句也可称为 “yes ／ no questions”,因这种问句通常用yes ／ no来回答,相当于汉语中的“……吗?”其语序是：系动词be ／ 助动词／ 情态动词＋主语＋其他成分?如：
Are you from Japan?
Yes I am． ／ No I'm not．
Is her sister doing her homework now?
Yes she is． ／ No she isn't．
Does he work in a bank?
Yes he does． ／ No he doesn't．
Do you live near your school?
Yes I do． ／ No I don't．
Can you speak French?
Yes I can． ／ No I can't．
May I go home now?
Yes you may． ／ No you mustn't．
注意：
1．将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词（am is are …）时,可直接将它们提至主语前.如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称.如：
I'm in Class 2 Grade 1． →
Are you in Class 2 Grade 1?
We're watching TV． →
Are you watching TV?
2．陈述句中有情态动词（can may must …）时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句.如：
He can swim now． →
Can he swim now?
The children may come with us． → May the children come with us?
3．陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形.如：
I like these animals． →
Do you like these animals?
She wants to go to the movies． → Does she want to go to the movies?
4．一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)
5．一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答.如：
Are they in town now?
I think so.
May I sit here?
Certainly．
Does he like soccer?
Sorry I don't know．
二、特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句.常用的疑问词有：what who whose which when where how why等.
特殊疑问句有两种语序：
1．如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分?如：
Who is singing in the room?
Whose bike is broken?
2．如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是：疑问词＋一般疑问句语序? 如：
What class are you in?
What does she look like?
Where are you from?
What time does he get up every morning?
How do you know?
注意：
1．回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes ／ no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答.如：
Who is from Canada?
Helen (is)．
Where's the restaurant?
Near the station．
Why do you like koalas?
Because they are cute．
2．特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓).
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