什么是倒装句

倒装句,就是主语谓语位置是颠倒的句子.
一般句子,主语在谓语前；倒装句,谓语在主语前.
具体情况如下：
1. “某些副词+不及物动词+主语”的句式,需要全部倒装.常用的副词主要有：here , there , now , then , out , in , down , up , away 等,表示强调.主语是代词时,不必倒装.
Out rushed the boy .
Down came the brown wave .
2. 表示方位的短语放在句首,后面一般使用倒装语序.
West of the lake lies the famous city .
3. There be + 主语+地点.其中动词be也可以是其他词,如lie,stand等.
There are many different kinds of mooncakes on the table .
There in Greece lived a famous thinker , named Aristotle .
4. 如果直接引语后注明是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,需要完全倒装；主语是代词时,一般不用倒装.
“Let”s go ! ”said the captain .
“Take off your boots !” ordered the guard .
5. 为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接时.
They arrived at an old church , in front of which stood a big crowd of people .
6. 用于so开头的句子,表示重复前面相同的内容,意为“也怎么样”.另外,在结果状语从句句型so …that …中,如果强调so…放在句首,主句需要部分倒装.
I often go out for a walk after supper . So does she .
我经常在晚饭后出去散步,她也这样.
So excited was she at the news that she couldn”t say a word .
听到这个消息,她是如此激动,以致于一句话也说不出来.
7. 用于nor , neither 开头的句子,表示重复前面相同的内容,“也不怎么样”.
Li Lei can”t answer the question . Neither can I .
If you don”t wait for him , nor shall I .
8. only放在句首,强调状语（副词,介词短语或状语从句等）,全句语序要部分倒装.
Only in this way can we get in touch with them .
Only because he was ill was he absent from school .
注意：only放在句首,强调主语时,语序不必倒装.
Only Mr Wang knows about it .
9. 带有否定意义的词放在句首,语序需要部分倒装.常见的词语有： not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than ……等.
Little did I think he is a spy .
我一点也没想到他是一个间谍.
Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain .
No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang .
10. 在虚拟语气中,倒装代替条件.
Should he be here next week , he would help us with the problem .
Were there no light , we could see nothing .
11. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子.
May you succeed ! 祝你成功! Long live France ! 法兰西万岁!