小学三年级,四年级,五年级分别应该教授哪些英语语法知识?求有经验的老师给总结一下.不胜感激!

PEP小学英语语法精讲要点及习题
班级：_________________ 姓名：__________________
一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下,直接加-s, 如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
练习： 写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________ this ___________her ______
watch _______child _______photo ________ diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______ box________strawberry _____
thief _______ fish______ peach______ sandwich ______
man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________
water________milk________rice__________tea__________
二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
　　【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
　　1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态.如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的.
　　2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作.如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床.
　　3.表示客观现实.如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转.
　　一般现在时的构成
　　1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它.如：
　　I am a boy.我是一个男孩.
　　2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它).如：
　　We study English.我们学习英语.
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es".如：Mary likes Chinese.　　一般现在时的变化
　　1. be动词的变化.
　　否定句：主语+ be + not +其它.
　　如：He is not a worker.他不是工人.
　　一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它.
　　如：-Are you a student?
　　　　-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
　　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句.如：Where is my bike?
　　2.行为动词的变化.
　　否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它).如：
　　I don't like bread.
　　当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句.如：
　　He doesn't often play.
　　一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它.如：
　　- Do you often play football?
　　- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
　　当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句.如：
　　- Does she go to work by bike?
　　- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
　　特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句.如：How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下,直接加-s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es, 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如：study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _________stay ________make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ________
come________watch______plant_______ fly __________
study_______brush________ do_________ teach________
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空.
1. He often ________ (have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______ (be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________ (like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________ (take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________ (be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______ (have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______ (look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______ (do) your homework well.
15. I _______ (be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______ (do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______ (watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______ (have) eight lessons this term.
20.－What day _______ (be) it today?－ It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
三、现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作.
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not.
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首.
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为：
疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下,直接加ing,如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________
go_________ like________ write________ _ ski___________
read________ have_________sing________dance_________
put_________ see________buy _________ love____________
live_______take_________ come ________get_________
stop_________sit ________ begin________shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice foodnow.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s5o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事.句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等.
二、基本结构：①be going to + do；
②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t.
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换.
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问.一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况.
1. 问人.Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么.What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this
afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候.When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going
to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：
一、填空.
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊.
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球.
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果.
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面.
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
二、改句子.
5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定） I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
_______________ she _________________________ after school?
10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
三、用所给词的适当形式填空.
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13.Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16.What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17.Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now
五、一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用.一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢.
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was.（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were.（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首.
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形,如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形.
如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?
如：What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式?
如：Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was,are-were, do-did, see-saw,say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came,have-had, eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put, fly-flew,
make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat
过去时练习
一、写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________fly_______plant________are ________
drink_________play_______ go________make _____ ___
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______do________
二、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. ---What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning?
---She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习
一、形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than.比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度.than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）.
2．形容词加er的规则：
⑴一般在词尾加er ；
⑵以字母e 结尾,加r ；
⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ；
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er .
3．不规则形容词比较级：
good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
二、副词的比较级
1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be；有动用副,有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)
七、There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is ; 主语是复数,be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品,be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定.
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首.
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物.
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑问句.
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑问句.
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
What’s + 介词短语?
八、人称代词和物主代词
1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后）,宾格一般位于动词或介词之后.
2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性则单独使用,后面不带名词.
人称代词 物主代词
主格宾格 形容词性名词性
我Ime我的 my mine
你,你们youyou 你的,你们的 youryours
他 hehim 他的 hishis
她 she her她的 herhers
它 itit它的 its its
我们 we us 我们的 ourours
他（她,它）们 they them 他（她,它）们的 theirtheirs
九、系动词Be(am, is, are)的用法
一、请记住以下口诀：
我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它；单数名词用is,复数名词全用are.
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃. 变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记.
疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑.
二、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
1．am 和is在一般过去时中变为was.（was not = wasn’t）
2．are在一般过去时中变为were.（were not = weren’t）
3．带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和am,is, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首.