Not having received a reply,he decided to write again.我觉得NO receiving吗?为什么是被动
问题描述：
Not having received a reply,he decided to write again.我觉得NO receiving吗?为什么是被动
答
分词的完成时做伴随状语表示动词发生在主句动词之前， 如果同时发生就可以ing分词或ed分词 具体要看他与句子主语是主谓关系还是动宾关系
答
Not having received a reply 是现在分词短语的否定式在这里做原因状语。
having received 是完成主动式， 不是被动式。
等于：
Because he had not recieved a reply,he decided to write again.
由于没接到回信， 他决定再写一封
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答
亲 这里没有被动.
前面的Not having received a reply是这个句子的独立主格结构.可以换成一个原因状语从句：Because he hasn't received a reply真正的主句是后面的he decided to write again.
答
原句可以理解成是：because he hadn't received a reply, so he decided to wirte again.